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1、 首段写作详解 Paragraph writing(2)The general structure of an argumentative essay : 开头段(Background information + thesis statement) 主体段落23段 （Topic sentence + supporting sentences ） 结尾段落Conclusion How to write the introduction: Introduction的核心任务是 To say what you are going to say, 可以分成3个步骤来完成： Introducing th
2、e topic ( 对题目进行改写重述 或设置事件发生背景) opinion ( 可以是别人的看法或者直接陈述我对本问题的看法) Layout of the main body ( 对文章的布局进行简短介绍) 开头段一般可以分为三个部分u 第一部分：背景句（1 2 ）u 第二部分：主题句 1u 第三部分：观点句或者写作目的陈述（也就是简单介绍下文内容）1 如何写背景句： 首先确定题目讨论的是哪个方面的问题，然后以这个问题为中心，写一句介绍性的话 ( 注意的问题： 不要把背景给的过于宽泛或者狭窄，要起到引出主题的作用。) Model 1: Unemployment is one of the g
3、reatest social problems of our time. The relationship between education and unemployment, in particular, has become a troubling issue preoccupying many governments across the world. As for the college graduates, we should do something to help with the problems. Model 2: To keep abreast of the 21st c
4、entury, large numbers of people are seeking to tertiary education. Distance learning, a modern educational model, has received wide currency among qualification seekers. It has tremendous advantages背景句可以使用的套句:（1）The development of (设置一些背景的铺垫) is inevitable and undeniable.换词: a、 progression, evolutio
5、n, growth b、 unavoidable， irreversible ,iriv:sbl (不可逆转的), irrefutable irefjutbl（不可驳倒的） （2）The thorny（痛苦、棘手的）pressing problem of has becomeis of a hot topicissuepotato in recent years. （3） has becomeis of a topic of public interest and concern in recent years. （4）is one of the most remarkable phenome
6、na of this centuryduring the past decades. （5）With increasing number of,has become a social issue. （6）With increasing number of,has become a topical issue. 例：随着越来越多的妇女参与全职工作，由谁来照顾孩子已经成为了社会上的一个问题。 With increasing number of women taking part in full-time jobs, who should take care of children has beco
7、me a topical issue. 如何写观点句（第二句）：写法一：改写文章的题目（问题类之外的题目）写法二：直接交代问题产生的原因（问题类题目） 写文章的题目时注意两个问题： 1）改写题目，而不是照抄题目 2）简洁地改写题目，避免累赘 改写题目的方法：方法一：改词 改变关键词的词性 同义词替换 增加或删减原题内容 改写题目可用的句式方法二：改句式What is under controversy is whether(讨论的话题)When it comes to, some individuals maintain,while others possess the perception
8、that. 表“认为、持有看法”：Insist , maintain, argue, consider, deem, reckon, declare , profess , assert , advocate , pronounce , hold， possess the view standpointviewpoint perceptionargument that There is a perception that ,while a counterconverse argument is that There crops up a social dilemma / ambivalence
9、(矛盾情结) over the issue thatPeople, nevertheless, hold various opinions in terms of the issue whether it is a blessing or a curse.Different people hold various viewpoints as to the issue whether is beneficial to 第三句的写法：阐明个人立场（观点类题目）说明写作目的（其他类型题目） 写法一：阐述自己的观点和立场(支持反对或者中立) 在我看来： In my opinion， in my sub
10、mission（提交的书面意见）, as I see it ,from my point of view, from my perspective, It is my considered view that Personally ,I am in favor of the former/later opinion. (=I am, personally, in favor of ) 结构：开场词+观点的表达 开场词：to be frankhonest, franklyhonestly(speaking) 坦诚地说，老实说,assuredly, indeed, admittedly 表示支持的
11、动词：support, favor, espouse ，prop up， stand by ， sustain ，brace ，subscribe to（认同） 表示反对的动词：object， oppose， protest ，combat， go against， have an objection to 也可以说“我是的支持者/反对者” I am a supporter of the argument/theory/standpoint that BeingAs the supporter of the former/later argument, I hold the perspecti
12、ve that 支持者：supporter; sustainer; proponent 反对者： discommender， dissenter ，foe，objector opponent 写法二：说明写作目的、简单描述中间内容（针对观点类之外题目） Here, I would like to explore the complicated topicissue from different aspects. This mini essay will compare and contrast the benefits and downsides in a comprehensive pers
13、pective/ from various angles.(用于讨论优缺点的题目） 优点：merit ，pro, positive side, shining side strongpoint ,benefit, virtue, 缺点：demerit ，con , negative side ，dark side , weak point , shortcoming, drawback ，defect ，blemish， flaw，imperfection *This mini essay will elaborate on both sides considerately and finally voice my argument.（用于讨论加观点类题目） Homework: 整理、收集并背写范文的首段背景句、主题句。
