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1、 2022年自考英语（一）课堂笔记（unit4）本课主要语言点1.psychological adj. 心理学的Psychological factors often play an important part in winning a competition.（在赢得一场竞赛中，心理因素经常起着重要作用。）Make sure all the kids are psychologically healthy.（确保孩子们心理安康。）（the person who studies human mind心理学家）在希腊语中，psycho表示“灵魂”，“精神”，“心理”。在英语中，有不少词是用ps
2、ycho做前 缀构成的。除了刚刚提到的psychology，psychological， psychologist以外，常见的还有：psychoanalysis（精神分析）， psychotherapy（心理疗法）等。2.focus v. （使）聚焦，（使）集中 （ focus on ） n. 焦点，中心He is focusing his eyes on a painting on the wall.（他正凝视着墙上的一幅画。）Please focus your attention on the main problems.（请把留意力集中在主要问题上。）This area became t
3、he focus of the world”s attention again.（这一地区再次成为世界留意的中心。）The 27th Olympic Games is now the focus of people”s interest.（眼下其次十七届奥运会是人们兴趣的中心。）3.basic adj. 根本的，根底的They didn”t make any effort to solve the basic economic problems.（他们没有做任何努力去解决根本的经济问题。）He even didn”t have a basic aim in life.（他连生活的根本目标都没有
4、。）There are certain factors that are basic to a good relationship between the two countries.（有些因素对两国之间的良好关系是很重要的。）It is necessary to teach them some basic mathematical skills.（教他们一些根本的数学技能是必要的。）4.principle n. 原理，原则；信念 principal adj. 主要的n. 校长，负责人；托付人He won”t give in as it is a matter of principle.（这是
5、一个原则问题，他不会让步的。）The two machines work on the same principle.（这两台机器的工作原理是一样的。）No matter what you do， it is important that you have moral principle.（无论你做什么，道义很重要。）Rice is the principal food for most of the Chinese people.（米饭是大多数中国人的主食。）Go and ask all the principal persons concerned to come here.（去请全部有关
6、的主要人员到这儿来。）She is the principal of that school. （她是那所学校的校长。）5.meaningfulness n. 富有意义mean v. 表示意思，意味着；准备meaning n. 意思，意义meaningful adj. 有意思的，意味深长的meaningless adj. 没有意思的Meaningfulness and organization are the two basic principles that help memory.（信息的意义和组织是有助于记忆的两个根本原则。）I don”t know what he meant by t
7、elling me the news.（我不知道他把这个消息告知我是什么意思。）Can you explain the meaning of the word to me？（你能把这个单词的意思给我解释一下吗？）They failed to get meaningful results from the experiment.（他们在试验中没有得到任何有意义的结果。）It is meaningless to argue any further.（再争论下去没有任何意义。）6.organization n. 组织；机构organize v. 组织China will surely become
8、a member of the World Trade Organization （WTO）。（中国肯定会成为世界贸易组织的一员。）Everything is in a mess because there is a complete lack of organization.（由于组织工作的缺乏，一切处于混乱之中。）He organized a strike for better working conditions.（为了争取更好的工作条件，他组织了一次罢工。）He thought the meeting was badly organized. （他认为会议组织得很糟糕。）7.assoc
9、iation n. 联合，结合；交往；协会associate v. 使联合；把联想起来；交往 （ associate with ）associate adj. 副的The cultural activity was organized by the Chinese People”s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries.（这一文化活动是由中国人民对外友好协会组织的。）The picture reminded me of my brief association with the old lady years ago.（这幅画使我想起
10、了多年前我与那位老太太的短暂交往。）Her hometown has happy associations for her.（她的家乡给了她很多美妙的联想。）It is really difficult for me to associate the two ideas.（对我来说把这两个观点联系起来很困难。）He spent all his spare time associating with boys from the neighboring community.（他把全部的业余时间都花在与邻近社区男孩的交往上。）People always associate the name of A
11、braham Lincoln with the American Civil War.（人们总是把亚伯拉罕林肯的名字与美国内战联系在一起。）an associate professor 副教授an associate editor副主编8.visualization n. 想像，设想visualize v. 设想，想像visual adj. 视觉的；看的见的；形象化的Like meaningfulness and organization， visualization is also helpful to memory.（犹如意义和组织，想像也有助于记忆。）I just cannot visu
12、alize what might become of him.（我无法想像他会变成什么样。）Even though I was not there， I can easily visualize the scene.（尽管我不在那儿，那儿的情景我不难想像。）I cannot say for sure if it was your visual illusion.（我不能确定这是不是你的视错觉。）The stories he wrote are extremely visual.（他写的故事特别生动。）9.rhyme v. 韵，押韵rhythm n. 节奏I cannot think of a
13、rhyme for “seven”。 （我想不出一个跟“seven”同韵的词。）She called him Guppy， to rhyme with puppy.（她叫他Guppy，是为了跟puppy押韵。）The rhythm of his speech held the attention of the audience.（他讲话时语调的抑扬顿挫抓住了听众的留意力。）Human biological rhythms are related to the natural cycle of day and night.（人的生物节奏与昼夜的自然循环有关。）10.ability n. 力量，才
14、能Human beings have the ability to learn and use a language.（人类有学会和使用语言的力量。）No matter what you do， try to do it to the best of your ability.（不管做什么，你都要尽力而为。）His ability to master 5 foreign languages wins him the admiration of all his classmates.（他能把握五门外语的力量赢得了全部同学的敬佩。）He has good speaking ability， but
15、 his writing ability is poor.（他说的力量很好，但写的力量差。）He is a man of outstanding ability.（他是一个有非凡才能的人。）11.random adj. 胡乱的，任意的，随便的n. 无目的或目标The way the books were arranged seemed completely random.（图书排列的方式好像很随便。）This is just a random selection of all the complaints we have received about our after service.（我们只是对所收到的有关售后效劳方面的投诉随便地选择了一下。）He opened the books at random.（他胡乱地翻开了书。）When his wife was away， h
