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1、摘 要随着手机的普及，手机充电器已经成为现代家庭中常用的电器之一。虽然手机的品牌和型号众多，各种手充电器形状和接口不同，但它们的原理和功能基本一样，电路结构大同小异。所有手机充电器其实都是由一个稳定电源加上必要的恒流、限压、限时等控制电路构成。本论文将以单片机和充电芯片MAX1898为核心来构建一种智能充电器。对基于单片机的充电器的智能部分的设计与实现的研究，是本论文研究的主要任务。本论文的重点有两方面内容:1.充电的实现；2.智能化的实现。论文共分为五章。第一章是绪论部分。综述了电池、充电知识与充电器，提出了本论文的研究内容以及系统设计的目标。第二章是手机锂电池智能充电器的硬件结构设计部分，
2、该部分是本论文的重点之一。首先介绍了设计思路和主要器件，然后详细地介绍了手机锂电池智能充电器硬件部分的总体结构设计和各部分电路的设计,并给出了相应原理图。 第三章 是手机锂电池智能充电器软件设计部分，该部分是本论文的另一个重点。这一章详细地介绍了手机锂电池智能充电器软件的总体构架及程序说明；最后介绍了主要功能的具体实现。 第四章是系统实现及调试部分。这一章主要介绍了软硬件调试环境，调试过程，调试中碰到的问题及其解决方法，并给出了系统部分调试的结果。最后一章后对本文的研究内容做了总结，并对基于单片机的手机智能充电器的发展作了展望。关键字：智能充电器；MAX1898；预充；充电保护；充电报警。Ab
3、stractAs the popularization of the mobile phone, the mobile charger becomes the universal electric appliance in family. Although the difference of the brands and models exists, the principle and function of mobile phone and mobile charger are similar, and their circuits are also resemblance. The ent
4、ire mobile phone charger contains a constant voltage source and some circuits that contains the constant current, limit voltage or limit time. In this thesis, an intelligent charger with the center of MCU and a charge chip MAX1898 is elaborates. The main task of the project is the design and realiza
5、tion of an intelligent phone charger based on the MCU. The emphasis of this thesis contains two parts: first, realization of charge, second, realization of intelligence. There are five chapters composed this thesis. The first part is preface. It elaborates the knowledge about battery, charger and ho
6、w to charge the battery. It also introduces the task of the project and the purpose of this design.The second part introduces the hardware construction of the designed intelligent mobile telephone charger for Lithium battery. It is one of the emphases of this thesis. It introduces the designs though
7、t and the main chips, and then, introduces the main construction and all parts of the circuit in detail. It also gives the principle schemes. The third chapter is another emphasis of this thesis. It is software design of mobile phone battery charger. This part introduces the main construction and pr
8、ocedure of the charger in detail. It introduces how to realize the function at last.The forth part introduces how to realize and debug this charge system. It contains the environment of debugging hardware/software, debugging procedure, the problem that will be found in debug and how to deal with it
9、and also gives some result of debugging. The last chapter is to summarize this research and gives the prospect of MCUs mobile phone intelligent charger.Keywords: intelligent charger; MAX1898; pre-charge; charge protect; charge alarm.目 录第1章 绪论11.1 充电电池简介11.1.1 电池定义11.1.2 电池充电11.1.3 常见充电电池31.2 充电知识简介4
10、1.2.1 充电方法41.2.2 快速充电的基本原理41.3 充电器知识简介51.3.1 充电器要求51.3.2 充电终点控制方法51.4 手机锂电池充电知识简介61.4.1 锂电池61.4.2 锂电池充电71.4.3 现代锂离子电池充电器7 1.5 本课题的设计任务8第2章 手机锂电池智能充电器硬件设计92.1 设计思路分析9 2.1.1 充电器的智能化要求92.1.2 充电器智能化实现92.2 主要器件及其功能9 2.2.1 AT89C51引脚说明92.2.2 MAX1898引脚说明112.2.3 6N137引脚说明132.3 电路原理图及说明14 2.3.1 单片机电路14 2.3.2
11、电压转换及光藕隔离部分电路15 2.3.3 充电控制电路152.4 充电过程16 2.4.1 预充162.4.2 快充162.4.3 满充162.4.4 断电172.4.5 报警17第3章 手机锂电池智能充电器软件设计183.1 实现功能183.2 程序程序图18 3.2.1 流程图一183.2.2 流程图二193.2.3 流程图三193.3 程序说明21第4章 系统调试244.1 硬件调试244.2 软件调试24第5章 展望255.1 设计总结255.2 智能充电器发展展望25结束语26致谢词27参考文献28附录一：原理图29附录二：PCB板图31附录三：程序32第1章 绪论1.1充电电池简介1.1.1 电池定义电池的应用从来没有像现在这
