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1、Unit 1 Great Scientists教材分析教学内容分析人类文明发展的进程同时也是科学技术发展的过程，而这一过程渗透了许多优秀科学家的心血。本单元主要话题是“科学家如何以探索、钻研、无畏的科研精神验证未知的科学真理”。热身(Warming up)部分通过问答使学生回想起不同领域的科学家，了解科学家们对人类的贡献及其成果。读前 (Pre-reading) 通过若干问题及讨论，使学生初步了解得出科学观点所需的过程。为完成阅读奠定基础。阅读 (Reading) 部分介绍英国著名医生John Snow是如何通过考察、分析、探究的科学方法，发现并控制“霍乱”这种传染病的。通过阅读课文，使学生感
2、悟科学家的周密观察、勇于探索、认真分析的科学精神，使学生了解科学发现的全过程具有其科学的严密性。理解(Comprehending) 部分的练习一让学生给文章的主要信息排序已达到对文章的初步理解。练习二通过提问挖掘文章细节，使学生重温文章内容。练习三让学生写出文章的大意，进一步掌握文章内容。练习四让学生选择段落朗读，以流利的朗读表达文中的意思。语言学习(Learning about language) 部分主要突出单元的重点词汇和主要语法项目的训练与练习，使学生对本课重点词汇与语法项目做到学以致用。语言运用(Using language) 部分涵盖了听说和读两个部分。听的部分通过两个学生谈论科学
3、家钱学森的故事，使学生了解科学家的生活经历，并通过回答问题训练学生的分析、解决问题能力。说的部分通过学生分组讨论将来选择什么科学工作，需要什么样的教育、品格及经历来完成提问和应答的交际功能任务训练，也实施了对学生的德育教育。读的部分讲述了哥白尼是如何发现太阳中心说的，并通过1、2小题帮助学生理解文章主旨大意，学会寻求解决问题方法，同时提高阐明自己观点的能力。写的部分是要求学生根据阅读文章内容及提示给哥白尼写一封信，建议他尽早公布他的发现，以此来培养学生的收集信息、整理信息及传递信息的能力，体现了自做、自助和自悟的教学思想，改进学生的学习策略。小结 (Summing up) 部分通过让学生回忆本
4、单元所学内容，总结对其掌握的程度，培养学生概括总结能力。学习建议 (Learning tip) 部分建议学生如何写好“Persuasive writing”，以培养学生的逻辑思维及写作能力。 趣味阅读 (Reading for Fun) 部分引用了一些科学领域中名人的名言，如爱因斯坦、爱迪生、牛顿等，旨在从另一个侧面让学生了解科学研究的方法和科学研究的真谛。教学重点和难点1. 教学重点 本单元的生词和短语； 过去分词作定语、表语；（3） 学习描述人物的句型；（4） 了解著名医生John Snow、哥白尼等科学家以及他们的作为和故事。2. 教学难点 过去分词作定语、表语； 学习表示意愿、希望或建
5、议的句型； 学写persuasive writing. 教学计划本单元分五课时：第一、二课时：Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading & Comprehending 第三课时：Learning about Language 第四课时：Listening and speaking 第五课时：Reading and writing. 教学步骤:Period 1&2 Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading& ComprehendingTeaching Goals: 1.To learn about John Snow.2.To develop so
6、me basic reading skills.3.To arouse Ss interest in learning about the sprits of scientists.Teaching Procedures:Step 1. Warming UpPurpose: To arouse Ss interest in learning about scientists. To ask Ss to prepare something for the great scientists ahead of time and share them with others.1. Pair workA
7、sk Ss to tell their partners their answers to the following question and show some to the whole class.What do you know about great scientists?2. Group work Ss are divided into 3 groups to do the quiz and try to find out which knows the most.Quiz QuestionsAnswer(1) Which scientist discovered that obj
8、ects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?(2)Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?(3) Who invented the first steam engine?(4) Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed form parents to their children?(5) Who dis
9、covered radium?(6) Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?(7) Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?(8) Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?(9) Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthqua
10、kes happened?(10) Who put forward a theory about black holes?Suggested answers: (1) Archimedes (2) Charles Darwin (3) Thomas Newcomen (4) Gregor Mendel (5) Marie Curie (6) Thomas Edison (7) Leonardo da Vinci (8) Sir Humphry Davy (9) Zhang Heng (10) Stephen Hawking Step 2. Pre-reading Purpose: To get
11、 Ss to learn about the stages in a scientific experiment1. Group work(1) Get Ss into groups of four and discuss what kind of experiment they have experienced and the stages of them. Ask some groups to show their views.(2) Ask Ss to put the following stages into proper order.Draw a conclusion Think o
12、f a method Collect results Make up a questionFind a problem Analyze the results Repeat if necessarySuggested Answers: Find a problemMake up a questionThink of a methodCollect resultsAnalyze resultsRepeat if necessaryMake a conclusion2. Pair workAsk Ss whether they know about infectious diseases and
13、tell the answers to their partners.For example: flu Bird flu SARS Step 3. Reading1. Skimming Purpose: To get Ss to have a brief understanding of the whole text.The passage is written in order of the stages in an experiment, so ask Ss to scan the text and find the different stages.Suggested answers:
14、Find a problem:John Snow was a well-known doctor in London until its cause was found. Make up a question:He got interested in the two theories and soon the affected person was dead. Think of a method:He believed in the second theory but so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days. Collec
15、t results:He determined to find out why It seemed the water was to blame. Analyze results:Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. Repeat if necessarySoon the disease began to slow downthat polluted water carried the disease. Make a conclusion:To prevent this from happening again, not to expose people to polluted.2. Scanning Purpose: To get Ss to have some details in
