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1、代词分类与归纳代词可以分为下列九类1 人称代词2 物主代词3 反身代词4. 相互代词5. 指示代词 6. 疑问代词7. 不定代词一 人称代词英语中主要有以下这些人称代词： 数 格 人称单数复数一二三一二三主格Iyouhe, she, itweyouthey宾格meyouhim, her, itusyouthem人称代词做主语时用主格，做宾语时用宾格。在作表语时，用宾格较多，例如：Who is knocking at the door? - Its me.在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意：1）she可以用来代表国家，船只，大地，月亮等。e.g. I think England will do
2、what she promised to do.2) 在并列的主语中，I总放在最后。e.g. Mary and I will be in charge of the case.3) 第三人称，男女两性并用时，男先女后。He and she still dont agree to the plan.二 物主代词英语中主要有下列这些物主代词：类型 词义我的你的他（她，它）的我们的你们的他们的形容词性物主代词myyourHis, her, itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyoursHis,hers, itsoursyourstheirs1.形容词性的物主代词只能作定语，如my b
3、rother ;her dog; your friends2.名词性的物主代词可以作：1） 表语Whose dictionary is this? -its mine.2) 主语 Ours is a big family.3) 宾语Lets clean their room first and ours later.三 反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfItself复数ourselvesyourselves themselves1这些词可用作：1） 作宾语I cant express myself in English.我不能用英语来表达我自己。2) 作表语I
4、 am not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。3）作主语或宾语的同位语The theory itself is all right. 这理论本身是对的。2反身代词常和某些动词或介词连用enjoy oneself 玩的开心 help yourself to sth. 请随意吃点by oneself 一个人做（不要别人帮助） for oneself替自己，自己四 相互代词One another与each other表示相互关系，称为相互代词，两者的用法是差不多的。We are eager to learn from each other（one anothe
5、r ）.我们都急欲向彼此学习。五 指示代词有this (这) , that (那) , these (这些) , those （那些）.注意：1 前面刚提到的东西，英语中常用that (或those)表示，而汉语中却常用“这”表示。e.g. We have no time to do it. Thats our trouble.我们没有时间做这事。这就是我们的问题。2. 指下面要谈到的事物时，常用this, 例如I want to know this: has John been here?六 疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what, which都是来构成特殊问句的。Who通常
6、做主语和表语，whom做宾语。七 不定代词英语中有下面这些不定代词：all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no.以及一些复合不定代词，如：anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everything, nobody, nothing.1 none, no one, nothing的用法区别none即可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指，常用
7、来回答how many/much引导的疑问句；no one只能指人，而且只能是泛指概念，常来回答who引导的疑问句；nothing侧重于物，常用来回答what引导的疑问句。-How many people are there in the room? - None. Who is in the room? - No one./nobody.2 each 和every的区别（1）each强调个体，every强调“全体”。(2) every还可以表示“每隔.的；每.中的”Every year or two每一两年every other day每隔一天 every four years每四年 3 a
8、nother, other, the other, others, the others的用法(1) another经常指三者或三者以上中的另一个，意思是“另外一个”，“又一个” 表示泛指。I dont like this coat. Show me another, please. (2) other表示“另外的”，只作定语。如: other studengts(3) others泛指别的人或物，是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部，全部是“the others”） e.g.Some Others(4) the other,两者中的另一个.4 both, all, either
9、, any, neither, none的用法都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者及以上allanynone八 it的用法1. 指代前面所提到过的人、物或事情，也可以指未提到过的但是谈话双方都明白的事情、情况。Where is your backpack? Its on the chair.2. 指代时间、天气、距离、环境等。 It is over one year since I came to this school.（时间）It is warm in winter in Kunming.（天气）It is about 2 kilometers away from here
10、.（距离）It is very quiet here.（环境）3. 指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或物。 Whos the baby in the picture? Is it your brother? No, its me.4. it 做形式主语 1）It is +形容词（描述事件的形容词）+（for sb.) to do sth.It is +形容词（描述人的形容词） + (of sb.) to do sth. It is important for you to learn English well. 对你来说学好英语是很重要的.It was foolish of him to g
11、ive up the job.他放弃那工作是愚蠢的。2） It is time (for sb.) to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了 It is time fou you to go to bed. 你该上床睡觉了 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间 It took me two hour to do my homework 做我的作业花了我两个小时的时间.It is ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做. Its my turn to clean the classroom. 是轮到我打扫教室的了。 5 it作
12、形式宾语it作形式宾语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。I find it pleasant to work with him. 我觉得和他一起工作很愉快. 巩固练习:( ) 1. Tom, Please pass _ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers. A. you B. me C. him D. her( ) 2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. fe
13、w( ) 3. -You want _ sandwich? -Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry. A. other B. another C. others D. the other( ) 4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs( ) 5. -Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange
14、 or a bottle of milk? -_, thanks. Id like a cup of tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None( )6. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. -Never mind. You can have _. A. us B. ours C. you D. yours( ) 7. -Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None( ) 8. -How are you going to improve _ this term? -Work harder than last term. A. ou
