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1、英 语 句 子 成 分一、主语: 句子说明的人或事物。1. The sun rises in the east. （名词） 2. He likes dancing. （代词）3. Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) 4. Seeing is believing. （动名词） 5. To see is to believe. （不定式）6. What he needs is a book. （主语从句）7. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （
2、It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）二、谓语: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。1. We study English. 2. He is asleep. 三、表语: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。1. He is a teacher. （名词） 2. Seventy-four! You dont look it. （代词）3. Five and five is ten. （数词） 4. He is happy. （形容词） 5. His father is in. （副词） 6. The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)7. The question i
3、s where they are from. （表语从句）（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，感觉)smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, .It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.The door remains open. Now I feel tired.四、宾语：动作的承受者。1. I lik
4、e China. （名词） 2. He hates you. （代词）3. How many do you need? We need two. （数词）4. I enjoy working with you. （动名词）5. I hope to see you again. （不定式） 6. Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）五、定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。1. Yanling is a chemistry teacher. （名词）2. He is our friend. （代词）3. We know the third word
5、. （数词） 4. He teaches the lazy boy. （形容词）5. The man over there is my old friend. (副词) 6. The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)7. The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）8. The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词） 9. I have an idea to do it well. （不定式）10.You shou
6、ld do everything that I do. （定语从句）六、状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。 1. I will go there tomorrow. 2. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.3. The meat went bad because of the hot weather. 4. He studies hard to learn English well.5. He didnt study hard so that he fai
7、led in the exam. 6. I like you very much. 7. If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 8. He goes to school by bike. 9. Though he is young, he can do it well. 英 语 句 子 结 构简单句的五个基本句型主语 不及物动词 She came/ My head aches. 主语 及物动词 宾语 She likes English.主语 系动词 表语 She is happy主语 及物动词 间接宾语 直接宾语She gave John a b
8、ookShe bought a book for me.主语 及物动词 宾语 宾语补语She makes her mother angry The teacher asked me to read the passage.Exercises 分析下列句子成分及句型1. Our school is far. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 3. All of us thought he is smart. 4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.5. He broke a piec
9、e of glass. 6. The news made me happy7. I love you very much 8. Trees turn green when spring comes.9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 12. He asked us to sing an English song. 13. We will make our scho
10、ol more beautiful.14. He didnt comeThat is why he didnt know 15. She showed us many of her pictures. 16. The old man lives a lonely life. 17. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.18. The cars made in Japan are the best19. Mary handed her homework to the teacher.20. Every
11、morning we hear him read English aloud.21. Ill get my hair cut tomorrow.22. You must finish reading these books in two weeks. 23. You should study hard.24. I lived in Beijing five years ago.25. This book is about the history of the United States.26. Mr Johnson taught us German last year.27. That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.28. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.29. I want you to tell me the truth.30. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.
