词性转换速记表 运用转换词性(类)的方法巧记单词有三大好处:一是帮助我们巩固和扩大词汇量;二是帮助我们深入理解词的含义;三是帮助我们灵活运用词语一表在手,可使我们掌握初中所有的词性转换方 法(规则),并因此而扩大词汇量1. 动词转换成名词(1) 动词 +-er (+-or)Act (行为) actor (男演员)advice (劝告) dvicer (劝告者)boil (煮沸) oiler (锅炉)compute (计算) omputer (计算机) dance (跳舞) dancer (舞蹈家)drive(驾驶) driver (驾驶员)edit (校订) editor (编辑) farm (种田 farmer (农夫) fight (战斗) fighter(战士)find (发现) fighter (发现者) found (创建)一一founder (创建人) harvest (收割) harvester (收割机) invent (发明) inven tor (发明人) lead (领导) leader (领导者) learn (学习) learner (学者) murder (谋杀) urderer (谋杀者)organize (组织) rganizer (组织者)own (拥有) wner (物主)play (玩,演奏,比赛) layer (玩耍人,演奏者,选手)read (阅读) reader(读者)report (报告) reporter (报告人)roll (滚动) roller (滚子)sing (唱歌) singer (歌唱家)speak (讲话) speaker (演讲者)suffer (受苦) sufferer(受苦人)teach (教) teacher (教师)t hink (想) thinker (思想家) visit (访问) visi tor (访问者) wait (等待) wait er (使者) win (赢) winner (获胜者)work (工作) worker (工人) write (写作) writer (作家)(2) 动词 +-ingBuild (建造) building (建筑物) draw (画图) drawing (图画) live (住) living (生活) mean(意思是) meaning (意思)(3) 动词 +-ionInvent (发明) invention (发明物) liberate (解放) liberation (解放) operate (手术) operation (手术) organize (组织) organization (组织) Unite (联合)一一union (联合)(4) 词形不变,但重音发生了变化Import (进口) import (进口) record (记录,录音) record (记录,唱片) progress (前进) progress (进步) produce (生产) produce (产品)(5) 不规则变化(v. f n.)Apologize (道歉) apology (道歉) die (死) eath (死亡) known (知道) knowledge (知识) mix (混合) ixture (混合物) save (挽救) safety (安全)sell (卖) sale (销售)( 6)元音发生变化Bleed (流血) lood (血) feed (喂) food (食物) gild (镀金) gold (金子) prove (证明) proof (证明)speak (说话) speech (演说) tell (告诉) tale (故事)2. 形容词转换成副词( 1 ) 形容词 +-lyBad (坏的) badly (坏地) beautiful (美丽的) beautifully (美丽地) brave (勇敢的) bravely (勇敢地)careful (仔细的) carefully (仔细地) certain (—定的,确 实的) certainly (当然) clear (清楚的) clearly (清楚地,清晰地) complete (完全的) completely (完全地) correct (正确的) correctly (正确地) excellent (优 秀的) xcellently (优秀地) final (最后的) finally (最终) free (自由的) freely (自由地) great (伟大的) greatly (伟大地) immediate (即刻的) immediately(立刻)loud (响亮的) loudly (响亮地)near (附近的) nearly (附近)polite (礼貌的) politely (礼貌地)quick (迅速的) quickly (迅速地)quiet (安静的)一一quietly (安静地) real (真正的) really (真正地)recent (近来的) recently (近来)rude (粗暴的) rudely (粗暴地)sad (悲哀的) sadly (悲哀地)serious (严肃的) seriously (严肃地) simple (简单的) simple (简单地) slow (慢的) slowly (慢慢地) sudden (突然的) suddenly (突然地) shy (害羞的) shyly (害羞地)usual (平常的) usually (通常)warm (温暖的) warmly (温暖地)wide (宽阔的) widely (广泛地)wonderful (精彩的) wonderfully (精彩地)(2) 词尾变y为i再+-lyAngry (生气的) angrily (生气地) busy (繁忙的) busily (繁忙地) easy (容易的) asily (容易地) hungry (饥饿的) hungrily (饥饿地) happy (愉快的) happily(愉快地) heavy (沉重的) heavily (沉重地) necessary (必须的) necessarily (必须地)(3) 变-ble 为-blyHorrible (讨厌的) hobbibly (讨厌地) probable (可能的) probably (可能地) terrible (可怕的) terribly (可怕地)(4) 去掉 e+-lyTRUE (真的) truly (真正地)(5) 词形不变Early (早的) early (早地)enough (足够的) enough (足够地) fast (快的) fast (快地) hard (困难的,努力的) hard (困难地,努力地)late (迟的) late (迟地) loud (响亮的) loud (响亮地) much (多的) much (多地) right (对的) right (对地) straight (直的) straight (直接地)( 6 ) 不规则变化Good (好的) well (好地)3. 名词转换成形容词( 1 ) 去掉后缀还原Business (商业) busy (繁忙的) happiness (幸福的) happy (快乐的) illness (疾病) ill (生病的) kindness (仁慈) kind (仁慈的)(2) 名词+fulBeauty (美丽) eautifully (美丽的) care (细心) carefully (细心的) help (帮助) helpful (有帮助的) thank (感激) thankful (感激的) use (使用) seful (有用的) wonder (惊奇的) wonderfully (奇妙的)( 3) 名词 +-lybrother (兄弟) brotherly (兄弟般的) friend (朋友) friendly (有好的)love (爱) lovely (可爱的)( 4) 名词 +-yCloud (云) cloudy (多云的)dirt (脏物) irty (肮脏的)fun (有趣的事) funny (有趣的)noise (噪声) noisy (吵闹的)rain (雨水) rainy (多雨的)salt (盐) salty (咸的) Sand (沙) sandy (沙的) sleep (睡眠) sleepy (瞌睡的) snow (雪) snowy (多雪的) sun (太阳) sunny (阳光灿烂的) wind (风) windy (刮风 的)(5) 词尾改成-calChemistry (化学) chemical (化学的)medicine (药) medical (医药的) physics (物理) physical (物理的) politics (政治) political (政治的)(6) 改 ce 为-tDifference (不同处) different (不同的) importance (重要性) important (重要的) silence (沉默) silent (寂静的)( 7 ) 国家名的变化American (美国) American (美国的) Arab (阿拉伯) Arabian (阿拉伯的) Australia (澳大利亚) Australia (澳大利亚的) Canada (加拿大) Canadian (加拿大的) China(中国) Chinese (中国的) Egypt (埃及) Egyptian (埃及的) England (英国) English (英国的) Europe (欧洲) European (欧洲的) France (法国) French (法国的) Germany (德国) German (德国的)Hungary (匈牙利) Hungarian (匈牙利的) Japan (日本) Japanese (日本的)( 8) 不规则变化Danger (危险) dangerous (危险的) death (死亡) dead (死的) difficulty (困难) difficult (困难的) fool (愚蠢) foolish (愚蠢的) safety (安全) safe (安全的)4. 动词转换成形容词(1) 动词变为现在分词Exci te (使激动) exci ting (激动地) freeze (结冰) freezing (结冰的)int erest (感兴趣) int eres ting (有趣的)live (生活) living (活的)suffer (受苦) suffering(受苦的) win (赢) winning (赢的) work(工作) working (工作的)(2) 动词原形变为过去分词Disappoint (使失望) disappointed (失望的) frighten (使害怕) frightened (受惊的) interest (感兴趣) interested (有兴趣的) lose (丢失) lost (丢失的) marry(结婚) married (已婚的) please (使高兴) pleased (高兴的) surprise (使惊奇) surprise (惊奇的) Uni ted (联合) Uni ted(联合的)worry (担忧) worried (担忧的)wound (使受伤) wounded (受伤的)(3) 动词变为形容词Heat (加热) hot (热的)5. 肯定。