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1、Unit 1 Encyclopaedias (8A)一Words（单词）1. Italian (n & adj) 意大利人，意大利的-Italy (n) 意大利2. inventor (n) 发明家-invent(v) 发明-invention(n) 发明3. musician (n) 音乐家- music (n) 音乐- musical (adj) 音乐的4. scientist (n) 科学家 -science (n) 科学- scientific (adj) 科学的5. intelligence (n) 才智，智慧-intelligent (adj) 有智慧的6. artistic(ad
2、j) 有艺术天赋的-art (n) 艺术- artist (n)艺术家7. ability (n)才能，能力- able (adj) 有能力的 (be able to)-disability (n) 伤残8. perhaps =maybe (adv)=probably=possibly可能，大概 9. include (v)包括，包含= contain=have-including (prep) 包括10.suddenly (adv)突然地= in a sudden way- sudden (adj) 突然的11.win（won,won）+比赛/奖品/奖学金- winner (n)获胜者 be
3、at +人 = defeat 二Phrases（短语） 1. look up 查找，向上看 2. be born 出生 3. from an early age = when sb was young 从小起 4.learn to do sth 学着做 5.for example (后加逗号) such as +n / ving 例如 6. more than = over 超过 7. everywhere = here and there 到处 8. on Earth 在地球上 9. some others. 一些另一些 10. as small / big as = the same si
4、ze as 和一样大/小 11. die out = disappear 灭绝 12. learn about = know about 了解 13. come out of 从出来 14. at the end of 在尽头 in the end = at last=finally 最后，终于 by the end of 到末为止 15. be connected to = be linked to 和相连 16. in the centre of 在中心 17. used to do sth = did sth in the past 过去常常做某事 18. be famous for =
5、 be well-known for 以而闻名 be famous as 作为而出名 19. find out 找出，查明 find 找到（结果） look for 寻找 (过程) 20. go for a walk = have a walk = take a walk 去散步 21. what else = what other things 其他事 who else = what other people 其他人 something/anything/nothing else (else用在疑问词或复合不定代词之后) 22. something new （复合不定代词+ adj） 23.
6、 be made in+地点/ 时间 be made by+人 be made of 由制成（可以看出原材料） be made from由制成（不可以看出原材料） be made into 制成 24. all over 遍及 (all over the country/ world全国，全世界) 25. be made up of = include =consist of 由组成三Grammar(语法)1.some, any 的用法 some, any 可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词 I have some new books. I need some water. Do you
7、have any new toys? I dont have any money.some常用在肯定句中，any用在否定句和疑问句中。Some 可用在疑问句中，表示建议，请求或期望得到肯定回答。Would you like some tea? What about some apple juice?any还可用在if引导的条件状语从句中，any+单数名词用在肯定句中表示“任何”的意思You can ask me if you have any questions. Any student can do it.2.复合不定代词指人指人指物用法somebodysomeonesomething肯定句
8、或建议请求的问句中anybodyanyoneanything疑问句和否定句中nobodyno onenothing否定意思everybodyeveryone everythingThere is somebody/someone in the meeting room. There isnt anybody/anyone in the room. Nobody/No one will agree with you.注意：1.复合不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式 e.g. Everything is ready. Something goes wrong with the machine. 2
9、.形容词修饰复合不定代词，放在复合不定代词的后面。 e.g. something interesting nothing important Unit 2 Numbers 一Key words1.instruction（n）指示，命令-instruct（v）指示，命令-instructor（n）指导者2.chess（n）国际象棋 play chess 下棋 3.India（n）印度Indian（n&adj）印度的，印度人4.wise（adj）充满智慧的= clever=smart=brightwisdom（n）智慧 5. grain（n）谷粒 one grain of rice 一粒米 6.d
10、ouble（v&adj）（使）加倍，成双的7.amount（n）数量 a large amount of = a lot of 许多，大量8.rest（n）剩余部分（the rest of） 休息 (v/n) have a rest = have a break 9.gold（n）黄金-golden金黄色的10.realize（v）认识到，意识到=know about = learn about-realization（n）认识，实现11.copy（v）抄写，誊写-copies（单三式）-copied（过去式）-copying(现在分词)12.correct（adj）正确的 (v) 改正cor
11、rectly（adv）准确地correctness(n)（正确）13.traffic（n）交通 traffic lights 交通灯 14.accident (n)事故 traffic accident 交通事故 by accident = by chance=accidentally 偶然地 accidental (adj)偶然的 accidentally (adv) 偶然地二Key phrases1.a long time ago=long long ago = many years ago很早以前2.challenge sb to sth/Ving向（某人）挑战 3.and so on等
12、等4. would like sth=want sth would like to do sth=want to do sth = feel like doing sth 想要（做）某事 would like sb to do sth=want sb to do sth5.order sb (not) to do sth命令某人做/不做某事 ask sb to (not) do sth请某人做/不做某事tell sb (not) to do sth告诉某人做/不做某事 teach sb (not)to do sth教某人做/不做某事6.make money 赚钱= earn money赚钱 7
13、.follow ones advice=take ones advice 听从某人的建议8.a piece of advice 一条建议 some pieces of advice 几条建议9.give sb. some advice on sth在某方面给某人一些建议 10.from then on从那以后 from now on 从今以后 11.all year round=the whole year全年12.in a year一年以后，用How soon 提问。 （-How soon will you come back？ -In a week.）13.useto do -=dowit
14、h用做 We use pens to write. = We write with pens.14.instead of=in place of代替(后面接名词n或者动名词doing) instead 放在句首或句尾。He didnt watch TV.Instead he read a book. = He read a book instead of watching TV.15.promise sb sth = promise sth to sb许诺某人某事16.make a promise做出承诺 keep a promise遵守承诺 break a promise 打破承诺17.promise to do许诺做某事 18.make sth interesting使有趣19.the number of -的数量，谓语用单数 eg : The number of the students in our class is 61.a number of许多，谓语用复数 eg: A number of students are playing on the playground.20.take plac
