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1、Module 4 Great Scientists语言点学习目标：重点单词quantity, type, experiment, escape, clear, figure, replace, measure, cross重点短语bring in, the key to, search for, come to/into power, instead of重点句型比较级的修饰语知识讲解重点单词quantity 【原句回放】A yield refers to quantity (e.g. of food). 产量是指（例如，事物的）数量。【点拨】quantity n.数量a quantity o
2、f 许多，大量quantities of许多，大量in large quantities 大量地in quantity大量地in large amount大量地The printing firm buys papers in quantities.那家印刷公司成批买纸。Great quantities of fish are caught at this time every year.= A great quantity of fish is caught at this time every year.每年这个时候都捕获大量的鱼。It was a bad year for films, i
3、n terms of both quantity and quality.今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。a quantity of和quantities of既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词；其作主语时,a quantity of+名词,谓语动词应视名词的具体情况而定,即：跟可数复数应用复数动词，跟不可数时应用单数动词；后者用复数,即和quantity一致。type【原句回放】First, Yuan Longping experienced with different types of rice. 首先，袁隆平用不同品种的水稻进行实验。【点拨】type n. 类型，品种
4、；模范；样式；vt. 打字；测定（血等）类型；vi. 打字There are various types of the disease.该疾病有各种类型。I was rather an outdoor type.我是那种特别喜欢户外运动的人。Like any other type of equipment it requires regular servicing. 它和其他类型的设备一样，也需要定期检修。It is a rare blood type. 这是罕见的血型。Could you type this letter for me?你能为我打这封信吗？experiment【原句回放】Fi
5、rst, Yuan Longping experienced with different types of rice. 首先，袁隆平用不同品种的水稻进行实验。【点拨】experiment n. 试验；实验；尝试；vi.尝试；做实验，make/carry out/do/ perform/try an experiment 做实验experiment in做方面的实验experiment on/upon 在身上做实验experiment with 以做试验 be proved by experiment 用实验证明The researchers are repeating the experim
6、ent on rats.研究人员用老鼠反覆做该试验。Dont experiment with such dangerous drugs.不要用这种危险的药物做实验。He argued that the experiment could be done in another way. 他论证说这项实验可以换一种方法进行。【拓展】experimental adj. 试验的，实验的experimenter n. 实验者experience n. 经历escape【原句回放】The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could
7、 lift it into the air.中国人发现从竹筒里漏出的气体可以使其飞向空中。 【点拨】escape n.& v.逃跑;逃脱;逃避，后常接动名词作宾语。 Make ones escape 逃跑have a narrow escape九死一生a fire escape紧急出口;安全门have ones escape cut off被切断逃路escape (doing) sth. 逃脱(做)某事escape from (out of)+sp. 从逃脱/逃走escape from reality 逃避现实The party was boringwe couldnt wait to mak
8、e our escape.聚会很无聊，我们迫不及待地要溜走。Four prisoners who escaped from the jail have been caught.从监狱逃出的四名罪犯已经被抓住。The dog escaped through/from the back window of the bus.狗从公共汽车的后窗逃走了。【拓展】escape, escape from, flee三者都含有“逃,逃跑”的意思,但侧重点有所不同。Escape强调“逃避，逃脱(不愉快的事)”,含有成功逃脱的意味,这个意义不用被动式。Escape from指“从(监禁,管制中)逃脱,逃走”或是指
9、“(气体,液体等)漏出,泄漏”，也含有成功逃脱的意味。Flee“逃离”，不暗示逃跑的结果成功与否。 clear 【原句回放】When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared. 当烟散去时，万户和椅子都不见了。 【点拨】clear v. (烟雾等)消散；清除；adj.易懂的；明白的After supper, my younger brother often helps mother clear away the dishes.晚饭后,弟弟经常帮母亲收拾碟子。They cleared up the misunderstandin
10、g and made up.他们消除了误会，和好了。I made it clear to him that I rejected his proposal.我清楚地告诉他我拒绝了他的建议。We spent all Saturday morning cleaning up.我们整个星期六上午都在打扫卫生。 【拓展】clear away 把清除掉;收拾clear up 整理,收拾;天气放晴；消除(疑虑,误会等)clear off 迅速逃离clear out 除掉;整理clear ones throat 清嗓子make.clear 讲清楚;弄明白clear，clean二者都含有“使干净”的意思,为同
11、义词。Clear adj. clear water清澈的水；v. clear the table 收拾桌子 (除去不必要的东西) 。Clean adj. clean water干净的水；v. clean the table 擦干净桌子。figure 【原句回放】In the rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, is a leading figure. 在水稻种植界，中国科学家袁隆平是一位重要人士。【点拨】figure n. 人像；画像; 外形；轮廓；隐约的人影; 体态；名流，名人；数字The central figu
12、re in the painting is the artists daughter.画中间的那个人是画家的女儿。I could see a tall figure near the door.我可以看见门附近有一个高大的人影。What a fine figure of a man!一个身材多好的男人！He is a great figure in history.他是历史上的伟大人物。Write the number in words and in figures.用文字和阿拉伯数字写出这个数。Figure sth. in 将某物包括在内；计算在内Have you figured in th
13、e cost of food for our holiday?你把咱们度假的食物费用计算进去了吗？Figure sth./ sb. out 理解某人/某事物；弄明白；演算出；计算出Ive never been able to figure him out.我一直不能理解他。replace【原句回放】The new rice replaced vegetables in 50 thousand square kilometers. 在五万平方公里内，新型稻子取代了蔬菜。【点拨】replace vt. 替换，替代(常可与介词with或by连用)；把放回原处Can anything replace
14、a mothers love and care?有任何事情能替代母亲的关爱照顾吗？Im going to replace the tape recorder with/by a CD player.我准备用播放器代替磁带。He replaced the dictionary on the shelf after using it.使用后他把词典放回书架。【拓展】表示“代替”的词或词组有：replace, take the place of, in place of，in ones place, instead, instead of.measure【原句回放】Measure can be ex
15、plained as “to find out how long, wide, heavy, etc something is”. Measure可以解释为：弄清楚某物多长、多宽、多重 【点拨】measure n. 措施；量度；尺寸；程度；办法；v. 测量；比较；给予；权衡He wanted the suit made to his own measure.他想要这套西装照他自己的尺寸做。You are right in some measure.从某种程度上来说你是对的。He measured his words with caution.他仔细斟酌着字句。They measured the height of the ceiling.他们测量了天花板的高度。Measure for measure. 一报还一报。be measured in 以计算、测量take measures 采取措施The government has taken measures to
