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1、现在完成时用法小结I have read that story.I have lived there since 2000. 构成：have (has) + 过去分词常与那些单词一起出现？答：经常与“现完哥”一起出现的小弟们有三类： 表示不确定的过去时间状语：just, yet, before, recently, once, lately 表示频度的时间状语：often, ever, never, sometimes, twice 包括现在时间在内的时间状语：now, today, this morning, this year, this month.注意：不能和具体的过去时间状语出现（i
2、n 1993, last year, last Saturday）“现完哥”的主要技能一 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响例1. I have bought two apples. (已经拥有两个苹果)I have seen the films. （已经知道电影内容）I have learned how to cook. （已经会了）注意：现完哥在施放第一个技能的时候常常需要already, just, ever, yet, never等这些小弟来增加表现力。其中already, just 在肯定句里用，ever, yet, never常在疑问句和否定句中。例1. I have just
3、bought two apples. (就在刚刚)例2. I have already bought two apples. (已经买过了) 例3. I havent seen the film yet. （还没有）例4. I have never seen the film. （从来没有）例5. Have you ever seen the film? 二 表示在过去就已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常和for与since一起。易错点： 因为表示的是持续的动作或状态，所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词：be, stay, study, wait, keep, have等；表示瞬间的动词，
4、例1. He has borrowed the book for two months.(X) He has had/kept the book for two months.例2. They have married for 1 year. (X) They have been married for 1 year.例3. He has come here for 2 years. (X) He has been here for 2 years. 那用非延续性动词想要表达延续的意义时该咋办呢？ 答：我们可以用相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换他们（瞬间动词）最常见的有:comebe, com
5、e tobe in / at, go out be out, leavebe away,beginbe on, stop be over， buy have, borrow keep,openbe open, closebe closed, joinbe a member of, diebe dead, catch a coldhave a cold, get to knowknow, become a teacher be a teacher, fall asleepbe asleep, fall ill be ill, fall in lovebe in love begin to tea
6、ch - teach for 与 since 二者后接的词有所不同: for后常跟一个时间段，指某个动作或状态持续了多久，见上。 since后跟一个时间点，如since 1980；也可以接“一段时间+ago”，如since three years ago, since two months ago。例：She has been heartbroken since her boyfriend left her. （时间点） She has been heartbroken since half a year ago. (一段时间) It is + 一段时间 + since 从句例：It is o
7、ne year since her boyfriend left her. 需要记忆的特殊句型：It/That/This is the first (second, third) time that。 从句里的时态用完成时，表示到说话时为止动作发生过几次。It/That/This is the + 形容词最高级+名词+ that 这是某某经历的最怎么怎么样的一件事。例1. It is the third time that I have visited this city.例2. This is the second time that I have seen the film.例3. It
8、is the most interesting novel that I have ever read.注意总结含有 it 的用法。三种，次数，最高级，和 三 其他注意事项1. just now 和 just 的区别例1. We passed a beautiful lake just now.We have just passed a beautiful lake.2. today, this morning, this afternoon,等时间状语所搭配的时态要根据说话时的情况而定。例1. He didnt do his homework this afternoon. (用了过去时，说
9、明说话时已经过了下午)He hasnt done his homework this afternoon. （用了现完，说明说话时还是下午）3. 不同时态表示同一意思例： 他离开中国已经两年了。现完：He has been away from China for two years.一般现在： It is two years since he left China。 一般过去： He left China two years ago.4. 课本里出现了现在完成进行时：其表示反复的东西，强调与动作的为结束和继续进行。例子：He has been learning English for six years and really loves it. 强调一直在进行学英语，且为了很可能继续下去。 He has learned English for six years.（ 仅强调学过并掌握了一定的英语，未来会不会持续下去则没有暗示。）
