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1、动名词与动词不定式用法类析 英语中某些动词后可跟动名词或动词不定式，有时两者意思差别不大，有时却截然不同。现分别例析如下：一、两者意思相似，但稍有差别：1startbegin doing sth (或to do sth)析：startbegin doing sth与startbegin to do sth，两者均表示“开始做某事”，一般可通用，但指开始一项长期或习惯的活动时，多用doing形式，例如：(1)I startedbegan learning(或to learn)English in 1992我在1992年开始学英语。 (2)How old were you when you fir
2、st started playing football?你第一次踢足球时多大？2.1ike doing sth(或to do sth)析：like doing sth与like to do sth两者均表示“喜欢做某事”，有时可以通用，但表示一般性或抽象的多次性行为多用doing形式；表示某一特定场合具体的动作时，多用to do形式。类似此用法的动词还有hate(憎恨)，love(爱、喜欢)，prefer(更喜欢)等，例如：(1)Fox example，Lily likes to dance(或dancing)，but I like to sing(或singing)例如，莉莉喜欢跳舞，但我喜
3、欢唱歌。(2)He likeshates swimming，but he doesnt likehate to swim today.他喜欢/讨厌游泳，但他今天不喜欢/讨厌游泳。二、两者意思一样，可以互相替换：1continue doing sth.( 或to do sth.)析：continue doing 与 continue to do sth. 两者均表示“继续做某事”,通常可以互相替换。例如：（1）He continued asking (to ask ) the same question . 他继续问同样的问题。三、只有doing sth ,而没有to do sth. 1find
4、 doing sth 和practice doing sth. 析：find doing sth 表示“发现某人正在做某事”；practice doing sth 表示“练习做某事”。类似此用法的动词还有：finish(完成)，keep (继续)，mind (介意)，cant help (情不自禁)，look forward to (期望)，pay attention to (注意)，feel like (想要)，consider(考虑)等。（1）I find the girl reading a book under the tree .我发现那个女孩在树下读书。(2) I am consi
5、dering changing my job . 我正在考虑改变我的工作。（3）We must practice speaking English every day. 我们必须每天练习说英语。四、两者意思截然不同：1stop doing sth和stop to do sth析：stop doing sth是“动宾结构”，表示“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth表示“停下来改做另一件事”，stop是不及物动词，不定式是目的状语，例如：(1)Stop talking! Its time for class不要讲话！是该上课的时候了。(2)The woman stopped to h
6、ave a rest那个女人停下来休息一下。2see sb doing sth与see sb do sth析：see sbdoing sth表示“看见某人正在做某事”；see sbdo sth(do是省to的动词不定式)表示“经常看见某人做某事或看到某一动作的全过程”。类似此用法的动词还有hear(听见)，watch(观看)，feel(感觉)等，例如：（1） I often saw him play football and yesterday afternoon I saw him playing football我经常看见他踢足球，昨天下午我看到他正在踢足球。（2） I heard the
7、 girl singing a song in the room just now .我刚才听见那个女孩在房间唱歌。3 go on doing sth.与go on to do sth析：go on doing sth表示“继续做一直在做的事”，同义词组为go on with sth；go onto do sth表示“继续接着做另一件事”，例如：(1) Please go on doing your homeworkPlease go on with your homework请继续做你的家庭作业。(2)After l finished my homework, I went on to wa
8、tch TV在我完成作业后，我继续看电视。4remember doing sth与remember to do sth 析：remember doing sth表示“记得做过某事”；remember to do sth表示“记住要做某事”。类似此用法的动词还有forget(忘记)，regret(遗憾)等，例如：(1)I rememberforget seeing the film我记得/忘记看过那场电影。(2)Please rememberdont forget to post the letter请记住/不要忘记去寄那封信。5try doing sth与try to do sth析：try
9、doing sth表示“试着做某事”；try to do sth表示“试图(尽力)做某事”，例如：(1)Let me try driving a car让我试着开那辆小汽车。(2)I try to finish the work on time我试图按时完成那个工作。6need doing与need to do sth析：need doing表示“需要被做”，主语一般为物，相当于need to be done；need to dosth表示“需要做某事”，主语一般为人。类似此用法的动词还有want(需要)等，例如：(1)My car needs mending。=My car needs to
10、 be mended我的小汽车需要修理。(2)We need to study hard我们需要努力学习。常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结使用-ing分词的几种情况1.在进行时态中。如：1.He is watching TV in the room. 2.They were dancing at nine oclock last night.2.在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had p
11、roblems getting to the top of the mountain.4.在介词后面。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball？What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样?I am interested in playing football.5.在以下结构中1.enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事；2.finish doing sth；完成做某事；3.feel like doing sth 想要做某事；4.stop doing sth 停止做某事（原来的事）5.forget
12、 doing sth 忘记做过某事；6.go on doing sth 继续做某事（原来的事）；7.remember doing sth 记得做过某事；8.like doing sth 喜欢做某事；9.find /see/hear/watch sb doing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做 10.try doing sth 试着做某事；11.need doing sth 需要做某事；12.prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事；13.mind doing sth 介意做某事；14.miss doing sth 错过做某事；15.practice doing sth 练习做某事；16.be
13、busy doing sth 忙于做某事；17.cant help doing sth禁不住做某事；18.waste time/money doing浪费时间/金钱做;19.keep sb.doing让始终/一直做20.stop sb.(from)doing阻止某人做某事21.prefer doing to doing =like A better than B喜欢做A更喜欢做B22.“do some +doing”短语如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/d
14、o some speaking23“go doing”短语去做某事（主要指文娱活动等）如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打猎).注意动词的过去分词的常见搭配: I feel(am/was) excited/ surprised/ amazed /interested /tired/pleased/worried/lostKeepclosed / a boy called/named Tom动名词概说动词的-ing形式在
15、起名词作用时，称为动名词，动名词在句中可以：1）用作主语：Dancing bored him。 跳舞使他厌烦。 2）用作表语：Her hobby is collecting stamps. 她的爱好是集邮。3）用作宾语：Please stop talking.请不要说话了。4）用作介词宾语：He was arrested for smuggling. 他因走私而被捕。5）构成合成词：Who won the singing contest? 歌咏比赛谁赢了？还可用于下面这类句子中：No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 No loitering.不许在此逗留。No spitting. 禁止吐痰。 No parking。禁止泊车。作为动词，它也有几种形式：主动形式 被动形式一般式 doing being done完
