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1、 VOA慢速英语听力：密歇根湖上的印第安纳沙丘(MUSIC)FAITH LAPIDUS: More than two million people visit the sand hills in the middle-western state of Indiana each year. The winds along Lake Michigan created some of these dunes in ancient times. Other dunes may be building right now. The winds create dunes when they drop lo
2、ose sand onto land. Some dunes look partly round. Others take the form of long, narrow hills. A winter storm whips the Indiana Dunes area. Visitors from all over the world explore the area near the Indiana Dunes. They swim and sail on the lake. They watch birds in the wetlands. They study plant life
3、 in the rich forests of oak and maple trees. The smooth sands of the dunes and lakeshore make a clear musical sound when people walk on them. Some of these sounds can be heard ten meters away. Visitors often say that the sand dunes “sing.“ STEVE EMBER: The Indiana state government and the federal go
4、vernment control more than six thousand hectares of land along the lake. They operate parks with visitors” areas and scientific research stations. Supervision by these agencies guarantees that the land will always belong to the public. Laws protect the plants, animals, and natural and historical poi
5、nts of interest. During the twentieth century, many people worked hard to save the dunes from development for industrial and port uses. This was not easy. The land along that area of Lake Michigan is extremely valuable. Some of the land provides important lake ports. Industries and Indiana”s natural
6、 gas company also operate along the lake. FAITH LAPIDUS: In the early nineteen fifties, some companies were removing five tons of sand each day from the dunes. Scientists of the Indiana Geological Survey investigated the sand supply in nineteen fifty-two. They said that the dunes would be gone in fi
7、fty to one hundred years if companies continued to remove sand at that rate. The wind and waves of Lake Michigan created the dunes over thousands of years. Yet people could destroy the dunes in a lifetime. (MUSIC)STEVE EMBER: The federal government established the National Park Service in nineteen s
8、ixteen. A Chicago businessman named Stephen Mather was its first director. Mr. Mather created many national parks. He wanted the Indiana dunes to be a national park, too. However, the United States had entered World War One in nineteen seventeen. Congress was not thinking about creating parks. It wa
9、s thinking about soldiers and military supplies. Public support for a protected dunes park continued to grow, however. In nineteen twenty-three, Indiana passed a bill providing tax money to buy property along the lake from its private owners. In nineteen twenty-six, the Indiana Dunes State Park open
10、ed. It contained more than eight hundred hectares of land. FAITH LAPIDUS: Area citizens, scientists and visitors were pleased with the state park. But they did not feel satisfied. They wanted much more land along the lake protected from being used for more factories and industrial ports. Activist Do
11、rothy Buell led the campaign for a national park in the dunes. She formed the Save the Dunes Council in nineteen fifty-two. Indiana”s representatives in the United States Senate opposed the proposed park. They said ports on the lake would provide more jobs for local workers than a national park. Yet
12、 the Save the Dunes Council found a powerful friend in United States Senator Paul Douglas. He represented the nearby state of Illinois. Senator Douglas loved the dunes. Every year he would introduce a bill to create an Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. But every year the bill failed to pass. STEVE E
13、MBER: In nineteen sixty-six, people who wanted more development finally reached a compromise with people who wanted a national park. Congress first passed a bill to develop more ports. It also created the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. More land was added to the park in later legislation. Today m
14、ore than six thousand hectares of the federal Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore also include the Indiana Dunes State Park. FAITH LAPIDUS: The Save the Dunes Council has been involved in many other battles. It has successfully fought a number of threats. These include the use of vehicles in the park.
15、Sand mining. An airport on the lake. And a nuclear power center near the park. The council has also pressed for stronger enforcement of air and water pollution control laws in the industrial areas near the park. (MUSIC)STEVE EMBER: A modern federal road follows a walking path in the dunes called the
16、 Beach Trail. Long ago, this trail was a path between two forts. Settlers built the forts to provide protection against attacks by native Indian tribes. These forts became Chicago, Illinois, and Detroit, Michigan. In eighteen twenty-two, a trader from the state of Michigan settled in the Indiana Dunes. This man, Joseph Bailly, opened a store a
