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1、中药化学词汇逻辑版(这老师课件的词全是打散的也是醉了) IR：infrared specturm红外谱 UV：ultra violet specturm 紫外线辐射谱NMR：nuclear magnetic resonance核磁共振 MS：mass spectrum质谱 TLC：Thin-Layer Chromatography 薄层色谱 GC：Gas Chromatography 气相色谱 PC：Paper Chromatography 纸色谱HPLC:High Performance Liquid 高效液相色谱 PTLC: precipitation thin-layer chromat
2、ographyrhizome根茎phytochemistry植物化学photosyntheis光合作用biosynthesis生物合成regeneration再生concentration浓度random screening随机筛选溶剂dimethyl sulfoxide二甲基亚砜(DMSO)formaldehyde甲醛 methanol甲醇 methylation甲基化 Ether 乙醚petroleum ether石油醚 Formamide 甲酰胺 chloroform氯仿 Chlorophyll 叶绿素 acetic acid乙酸 acetone 丙酮 Acetonitrile 乙腈aq
3、ueous solution水溶液buffer phosphate磷酸盐缓冲液化学物质 Aromatic 芳香的 Odor 气味essential oil精油 volatile oil挥发油 tannin鞣质pigment色素 auxin生长素 lignan木酚素carbohydrate碳水化合物dextrose葡萄糖monosaccharide单糖oligosaccharide低聚糖 （oligomer低聚物） polysaccharide多糖mevalonic acid甲瓦龙酸 alkaloid生物碱 flavonoid黄酮 coumarin香豆素anthraquinone蒽醌aglyco
4、ne, genin糖苷 glycoside糖苷ginsenoside人参皂苷diglycoside二糖苷cardiac glycosides强心苷glycosylation shift苷化位移 steroid甾体 saponin皂苷（aponification皂化sapogenin皂苷元）isopentenyl异戊烯基isoprene异戊二烯 （-terpenoid萜类化合物）monoterpenoid单萜 diterpenoid二萜 triterpenoid三萜 tetraterpenoid四萜 sesquiterpene倍半萜hemiterpenoid萜烯iridoids环烯醚萜berbe
5、rine小檗碱berberine hydrochloride盐酸小檗碱 rutin 芦丁quercetin槲皮素 glucose葡萄糖rhamnose鼠李糖 rutinose芸香糖 rhein 大黄酸 emodin 大黄素 physcion 大黄素甲醚 aloeemodin 芦荟大黄素chrysophanol大黄酚过程rotatory evaporator旋转蒸发器soxhlet apparatus索氏提取器blender搅拌器homogenize高速搅拌器mechanical stirring机械搅拌ultracentrifuge离心器centrifugation离心分离capacity容量
6、azeotrope恒沸物preparation制备residue残留物in vacuum真空中extraction提取mull研磨pulverize粉碎macerate浸渍percolate过滤dialysis渗析soak渗透Clarify澄清crude extract粗提物isolation分离reflux回流distillation蒸馏evaporation蒸发elaborate精制crystal结晶recrystallization重结晶identification鉴定eluate馏分enrichment乳化emulsification乳化spray喷雾yield产率色谱Chromato
7、graphy Agar琼脂polymer聚合物polyamide聚酰胺sephadex gel葡聚糖凝胶carboxymethyl cellulose羧甲基纤维素ion-exchange resin离子交换树脂elucidation说明stationary phase固定相 mobile phase流动相loading上样developing solvent展开剂chromogenic reagent显色剂adsorption吸附absorption rate constant吸附速率常数desorption解吸electrophoresis电泳elution洗脱eluent洗脱剂gradie
8、nt elution梯度洗脱capillary electrophoresis毛细管电泳resolution分辨率dead volume死体积delay time延迟时间signal-noise ratio信噪比saturation饱和度accuracy准确度selectivity选择度separation分离度abundance丰度specificity特异性stability稳定性flash chromatography快速色谱reverse phase chromatography 反向色谱normal phase chromatography 正向色谱gel filtration ch
9、romatography 凝胶过滤色谱silica gel column chromatography 硅胶柱色谱affinity chromatography 亲和色谱droplet counter current chromatography 液滴逆流色谱high speed counter current chromatography 高速逆流色谱ion exchange chromatography 离子交换色谱微观水平变化hydration水合作用hydrogen bond氢键hydrolysis水解作用hydrophilicity亲水性hydrophobicity疏水性hydrox
10、ylation羟基化elimination消除invertase转化酶cation阳离子Anion阴离子configuration构型conformation构造covalent bond共价键bond-ionic(ionic bond) 离子键dissociation分解reduction还原reducing sugar还原糖rearrangement重排precursor先导prochirality前手性modification修饰derivative衍生物Induction 诱导acceptor受体donor供体ligand配体activation活化activity活性affinity
11、亲和力primary metabolite初级代谢物波谱mass to charge ration (m/z)质荷比fast atom bombardment快原子轰击field desorption ionization场解吸电离法finger print region指纹区域functional group region官能团区correlation peak相关峰bathochromic shift红移hypochromic shift紫移index of unsaturation不饱和指数Absorbance吸光度ground state基态coupling耦合conjugate共轭conjugation缀合物stretching vibration伸缩振动optical rotatory dispersion旋光色散deuterium oxide氧化氘deuterchloroform氘代氯仿debris碎片fraction碎片fragment片段downfield低场upfield高场dihedral angle二面角dipole moment偶极矩octant rule八区律moiety一半
