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1、 MBA全国联考英语之MBA专业术语十三Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡 A situation in which economic actors interacting with one another each choose their best strategy given the strategies that all the other actors have chosen National saving (saving) 国民储蓄 The total income in the economy that remains after paying for consumpti
2、on and government purchases Natural monopoly 自然垄断 A monopoly that arises because a single firm can supply a good or service to an entire market at a smaller cost than could two or more firms Natural rate of unemployment 自然失业率 The normal rate of unemployment around which the unemployment rate fluctua
3、tes Natural resources 自然资源 The inputs into the production of goods and services that are provided by nature, such as land, rivers, and mineral deposits Natural-rate hypothesis 自然率假说 The claim that unemployment eventually returns to its normal, or natural, rate, regardless of the rate of inflation Ne
4、t exports 净出口 The value of a nations exports minus the value of its imports, also called the trade balance; Spending on domestically produced goods by foreigners (exports) minus spending on foreign goods by domestic residents (imports) Net foreign investment 国外净投资 The purchase of foreign assets by d
5、omestic residents minus the purchase of domestic assets by foreigners Nominal GDP 名义GDP The production of goods and services valued at current prices Nominal Variables 名义变量 Variables measured in monetary units Nominal exchange rate 名义汇率 The rate at which a person can trade the currency of one countr
6、y for the currency of another Nominal interest rate 名义利率 The interest rate as usually reported without a correction for the effects of inflation， Normal good 正常物品 A good for which an increase in income raises the quantity demanded; A good for which, other things being equal, an increase in income le
7、ads to an increase in quantity demanded Normative statements 标准表述 Claims that attempt to prescribe how the world should be natural endowments 自然禀赋 a countrys natural resources, like good climate, fertile land, or minerals net export function 净出口函数 a curve that gives the level of net exports at each
8、level of income net domestic product (NDP) 国内生产净值 GDP minus the value of the depreciation of the countrys capital goods new classical economists 新古典经济学家 economists who, beginning in the 1970;s, built on the tradition of classical economists and believed that by and large, market forces, if left to t
9、hemselves, would solve the problems of unemployment and recessions new growth economists 新增长经济学家 economists who, beginning in the 1980s, sought to understand better the basic forces that led the economy to grow fast at one time and slower at another, or some countries to grow faster than others new
10、Keynesian economists 新凯恩斯主义经济学家 economists who, beginning the 1980s, built on the tradition of Keynesian economists and focused attention on unemployment; they sought explanations for the failure of wages and prices to adjust to make labor markets and possibly other markets clear newly industrialized countries 新工业化国家 nations that have recently moved from begin quite poor to being middle-income countries; including South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong normative economics 标准经济学 economics in which the conclusions rest on value judgments as well as facts and theories
