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1、2022年考博英语-江西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题With the prospect of coal and petroleum supplies depleted and with air pollution becoming an increasing concern, the major countries of the world are seeking alternate sources of energy. If a means to obtain energy from water, especially from the ocean, can
2、be effected economically, it would furnish a never ending supply of energy, since 70% of the earths surface is ocean and another 10% is fresh water in rivers and lakes.From the beginning of time man has used water power as a source of work energywaterfalls and dambut these are fresh water sources an
3、d are landlocked. The seas have contributed little or nothing in the way of power.The use of temperature variation between currents is one area of exploration. Ocean water is heated by the sun near the equator and drawn by the rotation of the earth toward the poles, where it cools and drops toward t
4、he ocean floor and starts its journey back toward the equator. The differential between the two currents is 35 degrees to 45 degrees Fahrenheit and to use it, the scientists must find the places where they run near land and are not too far away from each other. One area that meets these requirements
5、 is the Caribbean Sea.America, the greatest consumer of energy, has been working on another kind of thermal sea energy proposal. One plan would somewhat resemble the operation of a refrigerator on a vast scale. Warm water would be the heat source, cold water the heat sink.Oceans also offer wave powe
6、r, tides and the chemical propensities of salt water as potential sources of energy. All these uses are theoretically possible.Britains Department of Energy is interested in wave power, using a string of “tear drop” devices that depend on very active wave areas and 100 feet depths. In addition to th
7、is, the British are working on a method that the Japanese have already put into practical use on a small scale for powering their navigational buoys. This method is called an oscillating water column and rides the waves with a series of cylinders having one-way air valves. Wave movement produces air
8、 under pressure that has only one escape routeto a turbine that powers a generator.11. The use of water is _.12. In the matter of developing energy from ocean water, Britain is _.13. The development of water power from the ocean is important to America and Russia because _.14. Getting energy from th
9、e ocean is important to _.15. The word “depleted” in Line 1, Para. 1, most probably means _.问题1选项A.a new conceptB.less expensive than petroleum productsC.now being used more from the ocean than from rivers and lakesD.being developed to supplement other sources of energy问题2选项A.working on a method tha
10、t the Japanese have already put into practiceB.the most advanced country in the fieldC.following the lead of the United States National Space Administration and Energy Research and Development AdministrationD.consolidating their work with the North Sea drilling operations already going on问题3选项A.ther
11、e is a severe shortage of coalB.it is the cheapest method of producing energyC.petroleum supplies are being steadily depletedD.the procedures for obtaining energy from ocean water are simpler than methods now being used for petroleum问题4选项A.Russia because of its limited water resources on landB.Ameri
12、ca because of its great consumption of energyC.Asia because most of the Asian countries lack other sources of energyD.south America because a large percentage of the population is very poor问题5选项A.run outB.used upC.desertedD.extinct【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:B【解析】11.【选项释义】11. The use of water is _.1
13、1. 用水是_。A. a new concept A. 新概念B. less expensive than petroleum products B. 比石油产品便宜C. now being used more from the ocean than from rivers and lakes C. 现在从海洋中得到的能源比从河流和湖泊中得到的要多D. being developed to supplement other sources of energy D. 正打算被开发以补充其他能源【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】第一步，精准定位，定位到第一段第一二句话“随着煤和石油供应的枯竭以及空气
14、污染日益引起人们的关注，世界主要国家正在寻求替代能源（alternate sources of energy）。如果从水中获取能量”，第二步综合理解，因为种种因素，人们打算用水做替代能源，所以答案选D选项“正打算被开发以补充其他能源”。【干扰项排除】A选项“新概念”，定位到第二段第一句话“从一开始，人类就使用水力作为工作能量的来源”，由此可知A选项错误，属于反向干扰；B选项“比石油产品便宜”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；C选项“现在从海洋中得到的能源比从河流和湖泊中得到的要多”，定位到第一段第二句话“如果（If）一种从水，特别是从海洋中获取能源的方法能产生经济效益，那么它将提供无穷无尽的能源，
15、”这里只是一种假设，与C选项描述不符，这里属于偷换概念。12.【选项释义】12. In the matter of developing energy from ocean water, Britain is _.12. 在从海水中开发能源的问题上，英国是_。A. working on a method that the Japanese have already put into practice A. 研究一种日本人已经付诸实践的方法B. the most advanced country in the field B. 在这一领域最先进的国家C. following the lead of the United States National Space Administration and Energy Research and Development Administration C. 跟随着美国国家航天局和能源研究与开发局的领导D. consolidating their work with the North Sea drilling operations already going on D. 已经进行的北海钻井作业用来巩固他们的工作【考查点】事实细节题【
