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1、沈阳建筑大学毕业论文 沈阳建筑 毕业论文 毕 业 论 文 题 目 缓释型聚羧酸减水剂的合成与缓释机理研究 学院专业班级 材料化学09-1班 学 生 姓 名 姜峰 性别 男 指 导 教 师 赵苏 职称 教授 2013年6月10日摘要随着建筑行业的发展，工程应用中对减水剂的要求逐步提高,满足不同施工要求及应用特性的聚羧酸减水剂相继研发。缓释型聚羧酸高效减水剂具有缓慢释放其分散作用的特性，可以达到使混凝土的流动性逐渐增大的效果，既能防止新拌混凝土的泌水，又能确保混凝土施工时具有良好的工作性能，并且可以避免高温运输造成的混凝土坍落度损失过快现象，保证了混凝土的工作性能、力学性能和良好的耐久性能，是符合
2、特殊施工要求的新型聚羧酸减水剂。本课题首先研究制备了一系列分散及保持性能良好的普通聚羧酸减水剂作为基础体系，并通过对羧酸根离子保护与释放机理的研究及实验，在此体系的基础上确定以羧酸二甲酯为主要缓释组分，进而对该缓释体系进行优化，最终得到性能优良的缓释型聚羧酸高效减水剂。采用红外光谱等检测方法对缓释型聚羧酸高效减水剂分子进行相应的结构性能表征，明确了缓释型聚羧酸高效减水剂的吸附进程并对反应配比及反应条件对目标减水剂的分子量和分子量分布的影响进行了分析。通过对不同水泥相容性、减水剂的饱和掺量、混凝土坍落度保持和力学性能实验，明确了目标缓释型聚羧酸高效减水剂的掺量、工作性能和强度。证明实验制备的缓释
3、型聚羧酸高效减水剂在应用中具有良好的缓释效果。本课题减水剂最终效果可使水泥1h前后扩展度17/18到24/24，水泥水化热放热峰成功被推迟数小时，用水掺量下降20，减水效果良好。关键词：缓释；聚羧酸减水剂；羧酸衍生物；水解ABSTRACTThe requriment of the super plasticizer applied in construction increases with the development of construction industry, new super plasticizers was studied to meet various construct
4、ion requirements and application characteristics. The slow-release polycarboxylic acid based super plasticizer offers a slow release of its dispersion actions to achieve the effect that the flowability of the concretee increases gradually. It can both prevent the bleeding of the fresh concrete, ensu
5、re the operating property and avoid the evaporation of the mixing water caused by transport in hot weather. So the concrete may have a good workability, mechanics performance and durability.Therefore, the slow-release polycarboxylic acid based super plasticizer is a new type product that applys to s
6、pecial construction requirement.The study preparaed a basic polycarboxylic acid based super plasticizer reactionsystem with good dispersion and flowability retain properties first. Through the studyand experiments on the protection and releasing mechanisms for carboxylic acid ions,it selected dimeth
7、yl itaonate as the releasing component, And then optimized thesystem to get the objective slow-release polycarboxylic acid based super plasticizer.The study characterized the structure and performance by adopting the method of inftared spectrum, total organic carbon adsorpt and laser multi-angle sca
8、ttering etc.The test results make the adsorption process clear, and analysised relationshipbetween the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution of the objective slow-release super plasticizers.The test for different cement adaptability, saturated content and concrete slumpand mechanical prope
9、rty show the addition, workability and mechanical strength. The objective slow-release super plasticizers perform good slow-release function in application. This topic superplasticizer cement 1h before the final results can extend degrees 17/18 to 24/24, the exothermic peak heat of hydration of ceme
10、nt success was delayed for several hours, water dosage decreased by 20%, reducing the effect of water is good.Keywords: slow-release, poly carboxylic acid based super plasticizer, carboxylic acid derivatives, hydrolyze目录第一章 绪论 11.1 课题背景 11.2 国内外发展状况21.2.1聚羧酸减水剂的发展21.2.2聚羧酸高效减水剂在应用过程中存在的问题21.2.3聚羧酸系减
11、水剂的系列化发展趋势 41.2.4聚羧酸高效减水剂的吸附机理研究61.2.4.1聚羧酸减水剂在水泥颗粒表面的吸附61.2.4.2聚羧酸减水剂主要基团对吸附的影响71.2.5聚羧酸高效减水剂与水泥颗粒的相互作用 81.2.5.1静电斥力作用 81.2.5.1空间位阻作用 91.2.6聚羧酸减水剂对水泥水化的影响91.3 本课题的主要内容101.4 本课题的研究意义11第二章 原材料与实验方法122.1 实验原料122.2测试方法122.2.1附量的测定方法122.2.2水泥水化热的测定方法13第三章 缓释型聚羧酸高效减水剂合成工艺研究143.1缓释型聚羧酸减水剂的研究与制备143.1.1缓释方法
12、的选择143.1.2交联型聚羧酸高效减水剂的研究与制备153.1.3分子内反应型聚羧酸减水剂的研究与制备153.1.3.1缓释型聚羧酸减水剂合成机理分子结构设计153.1.3.2不同羧酸酯的影响173.1.3.3甲基丙烯酸磺酸钠的影响193.1.3.4双氧水浓度变化对水泥流动性的的影响203.1.3.5减水剂反应时间变化对水泥流动性的影响213.1.3.6减水剂反应温度对于减水效果的影响213.1.3.7减水剂PH和水泥流动性的关系223.2丙烯基羧酸二甲酯缓释型聚羧酸减水剂的制备233.2.1丙烯基羧酸二甲酯均匀设计实验233.3本章小结23第四章 缓释型聚羧酸减水剂分子结构表征及作用机理探讨254.1吸附量的测定254.2水泥水化热的测定254.3本章小结26第五章 缓释型聚羧酸减水剂应用性能研究275.1混凝土实验结果275.2饱和掺量对水泥净浆流动性的影响275.3砂浆减水率测定275.4凝结时间的测定285.5本章小结28第六章 结论30结论30致谢33参考文献34附录一39附录二
