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1、第一节 Adipala电站机组除氧器和除氧水箱Section 1 Deaerator and Deaerator Water Tank 为了保证热力发电厂运行的安全性、可靠性和经济性，必须除去锅炉给水种溶解的气体，其中危害最大的是氧气，习惯上将给水除气叫给水除氧。给水除氧有化学除氧和物理除氧两种方法。To ensure safe, reliable and economical operation of the thermal power plant, the gas dissolved in the boiler feedwater must be removed, of which oxy
2、gen is the most harmful. Habitually, feedwater deaeration is called feedwater deoxidation. There are two methods for feedwater deoxidation, i.e. chemical deoxidation and physical deoxidation. 化学除氧是利用易和氧反应的一些药剂，使之与水中溶氧化合而达到除氧目的。化学除氧能彻底除去水种的氧，但价格较贵，且不能除去其他气体。根据亨利定律，气体溶解于水的量与水面该气体的分压力成正比。根据道尔顿定律，混合气体全压
3、力等于组成气(汽)体的分压力之和。物理除氧就是将水加热到饱和温度，水面上水蒸汽分压力几乎等于水面全压，其它气体的分压力都接近于零，从而使水中其它气体析出，再及时将这些气体排出达到除氧的目的。Chemical deoxidation relies on the chemical combination between some medicaments which are easily reactive to oxygen and the oxygen dissolved in water to achieve the purpose of deoxidation. Chemical deoxid
4、ation can thoroughly remove the oxygen in water, but it will require higher costs and is unable to remove other gases. According to Henrys law, the amount of gas dissolved in water is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas on the water surface. According to Daltons law, the total p
5、ressure of mixed gas is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of the component gas (steam). Physical deoxidation is to heat water to the saturation temperature so that the partial pressure of water steam on the water surface is almost equal to the total pressure on the water surface while the par
6、tial pressure of other gases is close to zero, then precipitate and timely discharge other gases in the water to achieve the purpose of deoxidation. 除氧器就是在给水加热到饱和温度同时，使水的表面积大大增加以析出水中的气体，再将气体排出的设备。一般讲的除氧器包括除氧头和给水箱两部分。Deaerator is a device that increases the water surface area when the feedwater is he
7、ated to the saturation temperature so as to precipitate and discharge the gas in water. Generally speaking, the deaerator includes a deaerator head and a feedwater tank. 一、除氧器基本设计数据见表6-1-1：I. Basic Design Data of Deaerator (as shown in Table 6-1-1): 除氧器型号：GC-1944/GS-235Deaerator model: GC-1944/GS-23
8、5除氧器型式：内置式卧式Deaerator type: built-in horizontal 安装标高：26mInstallation elevation: 26m水箱有效容积：235 m3Tank effective volume: 235 m3项目数据1设计温度3852设计压力1.47MPa3有效容积 235m3定义有效容积正常水位到出水管顶端4所要求的出水含氧量5ppb5建议的直径3800mm6支撑数量与间距三支墩，间距10m7除氧器正常出力/能力出力1944/2450t/h表6-1-1Table 6-1-1Item Data 1Design temperature3852Design
9、 pressure1.47MPa3Effective volume235m3Defined effective volumeNormal water level reaches the top of the discharge tube4Required oxygen content in effluent5ppb5Recommended diameter3800mm6Number and space of supports Three buttresses, 10m space 7Deaerator normal output / capacity output 1944/2450t/h二、
10、除氧器运行参数：II. Operational Parameters of Deaerator: 1除氧器正常运行工况（VWO）如表6-1-21. Normal Operating Conditions (VWO) of Deaerator (as shown in Table 6-1-2)项目流量t/h压力MPa(a)温度()焓(KJ/Kg)1进除氧器凝结水1580.7031.88145.7614.42进除氧器高加疏水386.4222.186195.8833.63汽轮机抽汽102.2961.11370.73199.34除氧器出水2069.4211.11184.5783.1表6-1-2Tabl
11、e 6-1-2ItemFlow t/hPressure MPa (a)Temperature ()Enthalpy (KJ/Kg)1Condensate entered deaerator 1580.7031.88145.7614.42High-pressure heater drain entered deaerator 386.4222.186195.8833.63Extracted steam of turbine102.2961.11370.73199.34Deaerator effluent 2069.4211.11184.5783.12TMCR（0% MAKE UP）(100%负荷
12、)工况如表6-1-3：2. TMCR (0% MAKE UP) (100% load) operating conditions (as shown in Table 6-1-3): 项目流量t/h压力MPa(a)温度()焓(KJ/Kg)1进除氧器凝结水1493.7031.88143.6605.32进除氧器高加疏水354.6962.058193.1821.53汽轮机抽汽95.0341.047370.23199.44除氧器出水1943.4331.047181.9771.6表6-1-3Table 6-1-3ItemFlow t/hPressure MPa (a)Temperature ()Enth
13、alpy (KJ/Kg)1Condensate entered deaerator 1493.7031.88143.6605.32High-pressure heater drain entered deaerator 354.6962.058193.1821.53Extracted steam of turbine95.0341.047370.23199.44Deaerator effluent 1943.4331.047181.9771.63除氧器工作压力：3. Working pressure of deaerator: 最高：1.168MPa (a)Max:1.168MPa (a)最低
14、：0.147MPa (a)Min:0.147MPa (a)4除氧器工作温度：4. Working temperature of deaerator: 最高：370.7Max:370.7最低：20Min:20加热蒸汽温度（VWO工况）：370.7Heating steam temperature (VWO condition):370.7除氧器进口水温（VWO）工况：145.7Inlet water temperature of deaerator (VWO condition):145.7除氧器出口水温（VWO）工况：184.5Outlet water temperature of deaerator (VWO condition):184.55进入高压加热器的给水水质5. Feedwater quality entered in high-pressure heater 水中含氧量
