《选词填空解题技巧和训练》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《选词填空解题技巧和训练（19页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、中考英语选词填空解题技巧 根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的“选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样 畏惧或厌烦。在此，分享平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略，希望能给同学们提供一点帮助。 “选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12 个词汇（一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数 词、冠词、介词和连词等）补全一篇有10 个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行 大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。1. 在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，先进行单词诠释和预判， 对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.,动词-v.,形容词-a.,副词-ad.等等。同时对
2、词义作 初步的理解。2. 通读全文,语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子,充分理 解短文的内容,注意发现固定搭配关系,凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息,根据 需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3. 在选定单词后,不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中,需要瞻前顾后,既要符合本 句的含义,又要保证句式结构的正确。 同时在做题过程中可用排除法逐 渐减少备选词汇。对于名词,要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches,friend-friends/friends。 其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词, 例如： sun-sunny, use-useful
3、/useless/used, danger-dangerous；对于动词,要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化（动词不定式-to do,现在分词-doing,过去分词-done,固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done）；对于形容词和副词,要主动去判定它们之间的相互转换,是否需要变成比较级或最高级 还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑,例如： interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happily, happy -happiness;对于代词,注意辨别主格、宾格
4、、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法； 对于数词,要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法,例如： three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ；对于冠词，只需要在a或an之间判别，如a girl /an old man; 对于介词和连词时,就更简单,只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配,填入即可。 为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜： 空前空后要注意，“名词”单复 数要牢记，还有 s 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副” 注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘 “基” 和序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记
5、。4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。 检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、 惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。例题解析（一）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）。job, chance, fourth, why, live, easy, honest, good, in order to, come outGood morning, ladies and gentlemen.Im here today to share a good lesson with you. It is a true story a
6、bout an overseas student 71 _living in Germany.After years of hard work, this student graduated with amazing achievements. Everyone thought he was going to get a good 72 easily and have a bright future. But to hisdisappointment, he was not even given the 73 for an interview! The third time he wasref
7、used, he couldnt help telephoning the company to ask 74 they didnt want him.The answer was simple. We dont offer jobs to 75 people in Germany.What was wrong, you might wonder? The truth is, shortly after he arrived in Germany, this clever student found that it was 76 to skip buying subway tickets. S
8、o 77 savemoney, he often went without a ticket. As a result, he had been caught without a ticket in the subway 78 times.From this story, we learn that we may get short-term benefits in dishonest ways, but the truthwill 79 sooner or later and the cost is high. So remember: honesty isthe 80 rule.Thats
9、 all for my speech. Thank you!【主旨大意】这是一篇演讲稿。通过一个生动的例子告诉大家一个道理：我们可以用不诚实 的方式获取短期的利益，但迟早会真相大白，并为此付出高昂的代价。诚实才是上策。答案：71. living 现在分词作定语，修饰 student72. job前一句说该学生取得了惊人的成绩，都认为他能有一份好工作（job）和光明未来。73. chance 句意：他甚至没有被给面试的机会。75. dishonest由下文知那个学生4次逃票，所以是不诚实的。76. easy句意：发现逃票很容易。注意句型：It is +adj.+to do sth.77. in
10、order to 句意： .为了节省钱，他经常逃票。78. four four times 四次。注意用基数词79. come out 。 the truth will come out 将会真相大白。80. best . honesty is the best rule诚实才是上策。注意the后的最高级形式。二）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）。so start easy badly someone difficultif thank class reporter medical succeedProving Them Wrong!I m John Wo
11、od, a doctor at a famous Boston hospital. During the first two years of high school, I found biology very 56 . My reportcards always said things like must study harder or John shouldnt choose science 57 . It was really terrible for 58 whohad always dreamed of becoming a doctor. I lost confidence, so
12、 I left high school x j at sixteen and 59 working at a supermarket.One evening I saw a documentary about Albert Einstein. According to the documentary, Einstein had done really 60 at school. I began tothink that Einstein could 61 , then I may have a chance, too. Ididnt want to leave my job, 62 I dec
13、ided to go to night schoolto finish high school. Two years later, I went to a 63university.Ive often thought I should contact the 64 the Einsteindocumentaryand 65 him. As for the biology teacher, I might contacther, too, one day - but not to thank her!【主旨大意】梦想成为医生的我，由于生物学得不好，在老师一句 不适合学理科评价下，我失去信心。然而
14、从爱因斯坦成功事例的鼓舞下，我梦想成真。一句话可以成就一个人，也可毁掉一个人。56. difficult 根据下文成绩单总是写着应努力学习可生物对作者来说很难。57.classes 句意为不应选择理科58someone 对梦想成为医生的人来说很糟糕59.started 离开学习开始在超市上班。60.badly 根据文献爱因斯坦在学校曾经学的很糟。61.succeed 爱因斯坦能成功，我可能还有机会。62.so 连词的考察由于我不想丢掉工作，因此我决定上夜校。63.medical 根据上文梦想成为医生，所以应为上医学院64.reporter 我应联系爱因斯坦文献的记者65.thank 我应联系爱
15、因斯坦文献的记者并谢谢他。同步练习（1 ）well , soft, second, better, may, strongly, afraid, sand , stay up, if, now, houseWe cant stop an earthquake（地震），but we can do things to make sure they dont destroy （毁坏）whole cities. First, it is not a1 .idea to build houses along lines where 2. ofthe earths plates（板块）join together. Second, if you think there 3. be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4. . Third, you must make the houses as 5. as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6. . .Scientists are 7. that one
