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1、The Information Superhighway Are you too tired to go to the video store but you want to see the movie Beauty and the Beast at home? Want to listen to your favorite guitar players latest jazz cassette? Need some new reading material, like a magazine or book? No problem. Just sit down in front of your
2、 home computer or TV and enter what you want, when you want it, from an electronic catalogue containing thousands of titles. Your school has no professors of Japanese, a language you want to learn before visiting Japan during the coming summer holiday. Dont worry. Just sign up for the language cours
3、e offered by a school in another district or city, have the latest edition of the course teaching materials sent to your computer, and attend by video. If you need extra help with a translation assignment or your pronunciation, a tutor can give you feedback via your computer. Welcome to the informat
4、ion superhighway. While nearly everyone has heard of the information superhighway, even experts differ on exactly what the term means and what the future it promises will look like. Broadly speaking, however, the superhighway refers to the union of todays broadcasting, cable, video, telephone, and c
5、omputer and semiconductor industries into one large all-connected industry. Directing the union are technological advances that have made it easier to store and rapidly transmit information into homes and offices. Fiber-optic cable, for example made up of hair-thin glass fibers is a tremendously eff
6、icient carrier of information. Lasers shooting light through glass fiber can transmit 250,000 times as much data as a standard telephone wire, or tens of thousands of paragraphs such as this one every second. The greatly increased volume and speed of data transmission that these technologies permit
7、can be compared to the way in which a highway with many lanes allows more cars to move at faster speeds than a two-lane highway hence, the information superhighway. The closest thing to an information superhighway today is the Internet, the system of linked computer networks that allows up to 25 mil
8、lion people in 135 countries to exchange information. But while the Internet primarily moves words, the information superhighway will soon make routine the electronic transmission of data in other formats, such as audio files and images. That means, for example, that a doctor in Europe who is partic
9、ularly learned will be able to treat patients in America after viewing their records via computer, deciding the correct dose of medicine to give the patient, or perhaps even remotely controlling a blade wielding robot during surgery. Sending a segment of video mail down the hall or across the countr
10、y will be easier than typing out a message on a keyboard, predicts one correspondent who specializes in technology. The world is on the eve of a new era, says the former United States Vice President Al Gore, the Clinton administrations leading high-technology advocate. Gore wants the federal governm
11、ent to play the leading role in shaping the superhighway. However, in an era of smaller budgets, the United States government is unlikely to come up with the money needed during the next 20 years to construct the superhighway. That leaves private industry computer, phone, and cable companies to move
12、 into the vacuum left by the governments absence. And while these industries are pioneering the most exciting new technologies, some critics fear that profit-minded companies will only develop services for the wealthy. If left in the hands of private enterprise, the data highway could become little
13、more than a synthetic universe for the rich, worries Jeffrey Chester, president of the Center for Media Education in Washington, D.C. Poor people must also have access to high technology, says another expert. Such access will be crucial to obtaining a high-quality education and getting a good job. S
14、o many transactions and exchanges are going to be made through this medium banking, shopping, communication, and information that those who have to rely on the postman to send their correspondence risk really falling behind, he says. Some experts were alarmed earlier this year when diagrams showed t
15、hat four regional phone companies who are building components of the superhighway were only connecting wealthy communities. The companies denied they were avoiding the poor, but conceded that the wealthy would likely be the first to benefit. We had to start building some place, says a spokesman for
16、one of the companies, and that was in areas where there are customers we believe will buy the service. This is a business. Advocates for the poor want the companies building the data highway to devote a portion of their profits to insuring universal access. Advocates of universal access have already launched a number of projects of their ow
