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1、育才分流英语语法词法精品教案二铁西区Peter精品高分英语家教：024-31688948主编人：吴军冠词、形容词和副词、动词时态语态冠 词 【要点点拨】一不定冠词中的主要用法：1.表“一个”“每一个”（=per）“某一个”（=a certain / some）,如: eight hours a day; a Mr. Smith 2.a / an +抽象名词表示具体的人或物（如：a pleasure / success / failure/ comfort / shame等）;a / an +某些物质名词表示 “一阵” “一份”等,如: a heavy rain;3. a / an +有些名词=
2、 the same+ n. 如: The students standing there are of an age (= of the same age.)二定冠词的主要用法:（一）1.特定的或上文提到的人或物(包括特指的不可数名词);2.一些习惯用语及固定词组中;（二）1.世界上独一无二的物,或表示方位及发明物前: the universe; the sun; the moon; He invented the wheel;2.乐器名词前: play the violin;3.表计量单位的名词前,表示”按”: by the dozen / yard / hour;4.与形容词或分词连用表示
3、某一类人或事(或某国家的人): the old / sick / Chinese; （三）1.用于姓的复数形式前表示夫妇两人或某一家人: the Browns2.年代的名词前表示”某十年代” : in the 1990s（四）1.在表示江河,海洋,山脉,群岛,海峡,海湾等名词前： the Yellow Sea; the English Channel; the Rocky Mountains;2.在由普通名词构成的表示机构、国家、建筑、历史朝代、三军、报刊,、杂志等名词前：the Song Dynasty ; the World Trade Center; the Peoples Daily;
4、 the Times; the University of Beijing ( Beijing University)（五）1.用在序数词及形容词最高级前(但:my first visit to the Great Wall) ;2.对两人/物间进行比较表示特定的一个时(the+比较级): He is the taller of the twins;3.句型”the+比较级,the+比较级”中:The higher you stand, the farther youll see.三不用冠词的场合:（一）1.抽象和物质名词前(除非表示特定时);2.星期,季节,月份的名词前(比较:in wint
5、er / in the winter of 2000 ; on Sunday / on a Sunday in May); 3.三餐饭前(比较:have lunch / have a big lunch);4.球类或棋类名词前(play cards / chess); 5.表示学科的名词前;6.by+交通工具的名词前(by car =in a car); 7.表示节假日的名词前(但:the Mid-Autumn Festival或可说成Mid-Autumn Day);（二）1.在称呼语前及表示人的职位,头衔,身份的名词在句中作表语,补足语及同位语时(在as后也常省略);2.指家中雇佣的cook
6、, nurse, teacher等时不用冠词并且大写:He was made monitor of our class; Whats the matter, Grandpa?（三）1.动词turn后的名词前不用冠词（但become后接可数名词单数时要加冠词）: turn doctor=become a doctor;2.word表示 “消息” “诺言”时不用冠词: leave word / keep ones word / a man of his word;3.man表示 “人类”时不用冠词;4.连词as(虽然)引导倒装句中的名词前不用冠词; （四）在一些表示街名,广场名,公园名,大学名,国
7、名,人名等专有名词前:Nanjing Road; Tian An Men Square; Hyde Park (但:the Peoples Park); Yale University ( the University of Yale)（五）下列短语中有无冠词意义大不一样:at (the) table; in (the) prison; at (the) sea; by (the) sea ; by (the) hand; go to (the) hospital; on (the) earth; out of (the) question; by (the) day; in (the) fr
8、ont of ; (the) three of us; the / a number of; have a word/ words with sb.; a singer and (a) dancer ; a knife and (a)fork ; a / the second time ; a / the most beautiful city 四冠词的位置:1.all / both / half / many / double / such / what / quite+ 冠词+(形容词)+名词:half the books ; many a student ; such a fine da
9、y; What a lovely present! quite a big meal2.as / so / how / too+形容词+冠词+名词: so fine a day; too difficult a problem; as clever a boy as you 【各个击破】1.-Jack, theres _ Mrs. Smith on _phone for you. -Im in the bath.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; / D. the;/2. Tell her not to stay in _hotel next time she comes he
10、re. I can find _bed for her in my flat. Now Im sleepy and I want to head for_.A. the; / ; / B. a; / ; a C. the; a ; / D. the; a ; the3. After I left _university, I turned _ lawyer.A. an; a B. a; a C. / ; / D. the; the4. -What about _lecture this morning? -Oh, it was too difficult _ lecture for me.A.
11、 the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a5. The manager decided to put _plan into _ practice because he thought it was _most practical one.A. the; the; a B. a; /; the C. the; / ; a D. a; the; the6. People of _kind fall into _same group and things of _kind flock together.A. the; the; the B. a; the; a C.
12、a; /; a D. the; a; the7. -What do you usually have for_ breakfast ? -Some milk and bread. -What about Jim? -He never has _breakfast, for he always gets up too late, but this morning he had quite _big breakfast.A./ ; / ; / B. /; /; a C. the; the; a D. the; the; /8. He told me that it was _pleasure to
13、 help others and he would do it with _ pleasure.A. a; a B. /; / C. the; a D. a; /9. - I have telephoned him for three times this morning, but it seems that he is still in _hospital. - Why not call him for _fourth time? Maybe hes back now. He told me yesterday the doctor allowed him to come home this
14、 morning.A. /; a B. the; the C. a; a D. / ; the 10.Its often less expensive to buy goods in _quantity, but youd better examine _ quality before buying them.A. /; the B. the; / C. a; the D. the; the11. Tim couldnt remember the exact date of the earthquake, but he knew it was _Sunday because everybody was at_ church.A./; the B. a; the C. a; / D. the; /12. The price of _ jewel is decided by the sort of _material used.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /13. Apples are usually sold by _weight and eggs are sometimes sold by _dozen.
