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1、动词应用的做题技巧 “动词应用”主要用来测试考生对动词和非谓语动词形式的掌握情况。它不仅仅考查谓语动词的正确时态，还包括动词不定式、动词-ing和分词等形式，而且还涉及到主动语态和被动语态及主谓一致等知识。因此，掌握好动词的各种形式及其用法是做此类题的关键。那么，怎样才能做好此类题呢？我们可以从以下几方面着手：1、从时间状语或上下文判断时态。2、从主语与动词的关系判断语态。3、分析句子结构，确定所给动词是充当谓语动词还是非谓语动词。4、快速识别些固定搭配的用法。解题技巧选用动词的适当形式填空主要是测试动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词的用法和其他方面的掌握程度。谓语动词有时态、语态的区别；非谓语动词
2、包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。因此，做此类试题首先要判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后确定其正确形式。下面按四个方面将如何确定动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词等形式的方法分述如下：1.确定时态的方法A)从句中所含的时间状语来判断：一般现在时常用的时间状语有：sometimes，often, always，usually，every Tuesday，in the morning等等。一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用：last year，yesterday，ago，last Monday morning，just now等等。 一般将来时常有表示将来含义的时间状语：tomorr
3、ow，next week，this evening等等现在进行时常与now连用，或用look，listen，its 7 oclock创设现在进行时的语言环境。过去进行时常与表示“具体的过去时间”连用。如： at eight last night，at that time，this time yesterday等。现在完成时常用的时间状语有：already，just，ever，never，yet以及sincefor引导的时间状语。过去完成时常与表示“与过去时间比较已经完成”，含有“过去的过去”之意的时间连用。如：by the end of last year，by l990, when he g
4、ot there等。过去将来时，常出现在主句为一般过去时的宾语从句里，且常与表示“过去将来”的时间状语连用。如：the next weekmonth等B)根据上下文联系和时态呼应来判断时态。如；Listen! Who is singing?在复合句中，可根据从句的时态判断主句的时态。如：He has been to many places since he came to China也可根据主句的时态决定从句的时态。如宾语从句中若主句是一般过去时，宾语从句一般要用过去某种时态。如：Bill asked if they could(can)come当主句为一般将来时，从句为if，when，as
5、soon as，until等引导的状语从句时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来。如： If you dont hurry，youll miss the trainC)根据习惯表达来判断时态。如：表示客观真理的句子常用一般现在时。如：He said the earth goes round the sun 2.确定语态的方法当句子主语是动作的承受者，含有“被动”之意时，要用被动语态。被动语态的谓语由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。be要随着时态和主语的人称和数而变化。中考所涉及的被动语态只有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和情态动词的被动语态，只要熟练掌握，一般没有什么困难。3.确定非谓语动词的用
6、法 对于动词不定式，主要掌握其几种基本用法。对动名词和分词只要掌握教材中所出现的常用句型搭配。并把这些动词分清、记牢，同时要注意在用中学。跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want，try，forget，hope，decide，choose，agree等。跟动名词作宾语的动词有：keep，go，like，finish，enjoy，hate等。动词stop，remember，forget等动词既可接不定式也可跟动名词作宾语，意义不同。如：He stopped talking He was so tired that he stopped to have a rest动词let，see，hear，mak
7、e，feel等后面的宾补在主动语态中常用不带to的不定式作宾补，但改被动语态时，则要带to。如： They made him work 10 hours a day He was made to work 10 hours a day. 4其他方面包括习惯用法、句型、短语等有关动词基本形式的测试。如一些常见句型：It takes sb. some time to do sthtoo to do sth.等。介词后面应用动词ing形式。系动词、实义动词在情态动词、助动词后面及在祈使句里用原形。此处，还应注意一些常见的短语。如：well done，had better do sth等。这些方面的知
8、识主要靠平时积累，并且多做有关练习，加以巩固记忆，在用中学，才能熟练掌握。济宁市近年来中考动词应用分析2009中考“Tom? Are you in bed yet?” called Mrs. Green. There 1 (be) no answer. Mrs. Green put down her book and 2 (go) to her 14-year-old sons room. Tom 3 (sit) in front of a bright computer screen, playing computer games.（据句义和本段的整体时态）“Oh, Tom. How lon
9、g 4 you 4 (play) on that computer? You must stop now, its half past eleven. If you dont go to bed soon, you 5 (be) very tired tomorrow,” said Mrs. Green.（直接引语；条件句） “But Ive nearly won the game,” said Tom to Mrs. Green. She 6 (see) the excitement on his sons face. （据句义加情态动词） “You 7 always 7 (play) on
10、 the computer. You have spent more time on this machine than on your homework.” （always用于现在进行时含抱怨的意思）Today many children use computers to play games, 8 (watch) videos, instead of studying. The result is that they 9 (not, want) to study. （上下文判断和本段的整体时态）In some other countries, computers cause million
11、s of people to lose their jobs or cause them a lot of trouble. Scientists say something 10 (do) to solve the problem.（据本段的整体时态和主语是事物）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 2010中考AMartin Robinson is a famous doctor. He (have) a lot of experience dealing with teenagers. His new book, What Would You Do If? 2 (
12、come) out last month. It gives advice on what 3 (do) in lots of different situations. （注意时间状语的变化；非谓语动词的应用）B Have you ever heard of Backstreet Boysone of the best groups on the music scene? Now, they 4 (give) a concert in our city! When one of them, Nick Carter 5 ( interview) by the local newspaper,
13、he said, “In the last six months, we 6 (have) many concerts and made a hit CD. And we 7 (appear) on CCTV next month.” Be sure not to miss them if they come to your city or a city near youif you can get tickets, that is.（注意时间状语的变化和语态）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2011中考Do you still remember Old Henry? Last Su
14、nday, he 1 (go) for a walk with Wang Wang, his cute dog. It was a nice day. Old Henry sat down and watched Wang Wang 2 (play) with a friendly black cat. Then it was time to go home. Old Henry looked for his dog. But Wang Wang 3 (be) not there! Now Old Henry is very sad. He 4 (miss) his dog and doesnt want to do anything. （注意时间状语的变化；重点词汇的用法；连词的应用） B My pen pal Peter came to Beijing 3 months ago. These days he 5 (learn) Chinese ina language school.
