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1、宾语从句专题一、学习目标1.掌握宾语从句的基本用法；2.能在句中正确熟练地使用宾语从句。二、重点、难点：宾语从句的时态、语序和引导词。三、考情分析：通常以单项选择或改写句子的方式进行考查，分值约34分。四、知能提升（一）知识讲解【认知讲解】定义：由一个句子来充当动词的宾语，这样的复合句叫宾语从句。例如：He canspeakEnglish.（这是简单句，不是宾语从句）（动词）（名词宾语）Hesays（that）he can speak English.（宾语从句）（动词）（句子宾语）He says（that）he can speak English.（主句）（从句）宾语从句的连接词（引导词）：
2、宾语从句通常由连接词来连接。1.所接从句为陈述句时，由that连接。（that在句中不作成分，无意义，可省略）【例句】He says.He is a student.（合并为一句）He says（that）he is a student.2.所接从句为一般疑问句时，由if或whether连接。（if/whether当“是否”讲，在句中不作成分，但有意义，不可省略。）【例句】He asks.Is he a student?（合并为一句）He asksifhe is a student.3.所接从句为特殊疑问句时，用特殊疑问词连接。特殊疑问词：who，whose.，whom，which，when，
3、where，whathow，how many，how long，how soon，how often等。（这些词在句中作成分，有意义，不可省略）【例句】He wants to know.When will she come back?（合并为一句）He wants to know _ she will come back.【考题链接】1. Will the 30th Olympic Games be held inLondon? Could you tell me?（合并成含有宾语从句的复合句）Could you tell me _ the 30th Olympic Games _ be he
4、ld inLondon?2. I wonder _ you would like to come to my birthday party.A. thatB. whetherC. that ifD. that whether3.Do you remember_ he came here?Of course I do. His father drove him here.A. whetherB. whenC. howD. why宾语从句的时态：I.一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要受到主句时态的限制，即要和主句的时态保持一致。1.当主句的谓语动词为现在时态（并非只指一般现在时，也可以是一般将来时，现在
5、进行时等现在时态）时，从句的谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。【例句】【考题链接】（1）Could you tell me how I _（can）get to the drugstore?（2）Do you know where they _（play）basketball now?2.当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词必须用它所相对应的过去时形式。注意：过去时态并非只指一般过去时，只要是过去的时态形式即可。注意以下这种结构：Couldyou tell me when Icanleave ?“could”在此表委婉语气，不是指过去时,所以从句用“can”而不能用“could”。【考
6、题链接】Tom said he_back in a week.A. will comeB. would comeC. comeD. comesII.当从句描述的是事实、真理或格言、谚语时，从句谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，都用一般现在时。【例句】He says（said）that the earthgoesaround the sun.He says（said）that itisbetter to give than to receive.【考题链接】The teacher told us that light _（travel）faster than sound.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的
7、语序：陈述语序，即主谓语序。【例句】He asks if he is a student.（陈述语序）He asks if is he a student.（）（疑问语序）Does he work hard? I wonder.I wonderif/whether he works hard.When did he leave? I dont know.I dont knowwhen he left.【考题链接】（1）We dont know _.It is said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he isB. if he lives hereC. w
8、here he comes fromD. which country is he from（2）Could you tell me _?I live in Taian .A. where do you liveB. where were you bornC. where you bornD. where you were born（3）Can you tell me _?A. how much does it costB. how much it isC. how much it costsD. both B and C人称的变化和标点的使用1.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的
9、主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。【例句】“May I use your knife?” He asked me.He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.He asked me if I knew her telephone number.2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。【例句】Who will give us a talk? I dont know.I dont know who w
10、ill give us a talk.Do you know? Where does he live?Do you know where he lives?【考题链接】（1）Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002.A. where does she liveB. Where she livesC. where did she liveD. where she lived（2）Would you please tell me _?A. when did he come homeB. where he would play footballC. if he had s
11、een the filmD. why he didnt watch the game3. I dont know when _.A. will the train leaveB. the train will leaveC. would the train leaveD. the train leave（二）提分技巧注意掌握宾语从句的时态、语序和引导词方面的相关知识。宾语从句用法口诀：宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/how展风采。展风采有三关：引导词、语序、时态在把关。主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。陈述请你选that，疑问需用if/whether连。特殊问句作宾从，原
12、来问词不用换。三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。（三）即学即练1.Can you see_?No. Lets go and have a look. Maybe we can help them.A. what was going on thereB. what are they doing thereC. what were they doing thereD. what is going on there2.Could you tell me _ for the meeting yesterday?Because the traffic was bad.A. why did you com
13、e lateB. why you came late C. why do you come lateD. why you come late3. I dont know_ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me?A. when we startB. when did we start C. when we will startD. when will we start4. No one can be sure_ in a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look like C. what man looked likeD. what man will look like5. Could you tell me _?A. when will Mary come back B. when Mary comes back C. when Mary will come back6.What time will Mr Brown be back to China? Sorry. I dont know
