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1、老人与海 佳句赏析佳句赏析1. The successful fishermen of that day were already in and had butchered their marlin out and carried them laid full length across two planks, with two men staggering at the end of each plank, to the fish house where they waited for the ice truck to carry them to the market in Havana.
2、(Page 3, Line 19)当天有收获的几个渔夫都已经回来了，他们将捕到的马林鱼剖腹处理后，摊平放在两块厚木板上，一头一个人抬着，两人抬着鱼摇摇晃晃地走进鱼屋，等着冷冻车来将它们载往哈瓦那的市场。（1） 句中 butcher out，意为“屠杀”，butcher 还可以用作名词，意为“屠夫、肉贩；刽子手”。He owns the butchers in the main street. 他有一家开在大街上的肉铺。This is most uncivilized and butcher-like activity, which cannot be forgiven under anycir
3、cumstances. 这是一种极度野蛮的、刽子手般的行为，在任何情况下都无法被原谅。（2） with two men staggering at the end of each plank（n. 厚木板）为“with +名词+ 现在分词”复合结构，其中 staggering（vi. 蹒跚）为现在分词，表明现在分词staggering 和前面的名词 two men 是逻辑上的主谓关系。With prices going up so fast, we cant afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语）With the crowd cheering, th
4、ey drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况）2. He was asleep in a short time and he dreamed of Africa when he was a boy and the long golden beaches and the white beaches, so white they hurt your eyes, and the high capes and the great brown mountains. (Page 19, Line 7)他很快就睡着了，他梦见了孩提时代见过的非洲，迤长的金黄色海
5、滩和白得刺眼的海滩，高耸的海峡和褐色的大山。本句运用了“全知视角（Omniscient Point of View）”的写作手法。简而言之， 全知视角是指叙述者无所不在，无所不知，有权力说出书中任何人都不指导的秘密。这部分作者站在一个类似于上帝的角度向读者讲述老人的生活，包括老人也记不得的梦境。These were relics of his wife. Once there had been a tinted photograph of his wife on the wall, but he had taken it down because it made him too lonely
6、to see it and it was on the shelf in the corner under his clean shirt.这些都是他亡妻的遗物。墙上也曾经挂着一张他妻子的彩色照片，但是每每触目， 总使他感到无限凄凉，于是他便将它取下，放到了架子上的一个角落，塞在他的1学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司一件干净衬衫下面。3. Each line, as thick around as a big pencil, was looped onto a green
7、-sapped stick so that any pull or touch on the bait would make the stick dip and each line had two forty-fathom coils which could be made fast to the other spare coils so that, if it were necessary, a fish could take out over three hundred fathoms of line. (Page 28, Line 7) 每条渔线大概都有大铅笔那么粗，卷成一团连在根被侵蚀
8、得发绿的钓竿上，只要鱼饵一被拉动或碰触，钓竿便会往下沉。另外。每根渔线都有两卷四十英寻长的线卷，必要时可以接上另一卷备用渔线，这样，一条鱼最长可以拖出去三百英寻长的线。句中的短语 so that 引导目的状语从句， 意思是“ 以便”， 从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should 等情态动词等。We study hard so that we can have a good future.我们努力学习，是为了我们能有一个好的未来。They set out early so that they might arrive there in time. 他们
9、很早就动身了，以便可以及时赶到那里。4. The strange light the sun made in the water, now that the sun was higher, meant good weather and so did the shape of the clouds over the land. (Page 32, Line 18)太阳此刻升得更高了，阳光在水中变幻出奇异的光彩，这意味着天气晴朗，而陆地上空的云块的形状也说明了这一点。（1） 句中的 now that 是从属连词，有时 that 可以省略，引导原因状语从句，意为“既然；由于，因为”。一般而言，主句表
10、示目前的状况是由于过去某一件事所造成的后果或影响，其谓语动词用一般现在时。Now that the kids have left home, the house feels empty.孩子们都离开了家，感觉房子空荡荡的。I am going to relax now (that) the school year is over.学年结束了，我准备放松一下。（2） 句中 so 引导的倒装句，表示前句所述（肯定）情况也适用于另一主语。其结构为：so系动词（助动词或情态动词）另一主语。I enjoy reading the book and so does my wife.我喜欢看这本书，我的妻子
11、也喜欢。5. He adjusted the sack and carefully worked the line so that it came across a new part of his shoulders and, holding it anchored with his shoulders, he carefully felt the pull of the fish and then felt with his hand the progress of the skiff through the water. (Page 53, Line 12)他调整好麻布袋，把渔线小心地换到
12、肩上另一处，用肩膀把它固定住，并紧握在手里，他小心地试探着那条鱼拉钩的力度，然后把手伸到水里来感知小船的行进速度。句中 so that 引导一个表示结果的状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，此时不能与in order that 换用。从句中谓语根据需要使用相应的时态，主从句间可有逗号相隔。She had not planned her time well, so that she did not finish her homework on time.她没把时间计划好，所以没按时完成家庭作业。Everyone lent a hand so that the work was finished ahe
13、ad of schedule.每个人都帮了忙，所以工作提前完成了.6. The clouds were building up now for the trade wind and he looked ahead and saw a flight of wild ducks etching themselves against the sky over the water, then blurring, then etching again and he knew no man was ever alone on the sea. (Page 63, Line 11) 由于信风的吹刮，云块此时
14、正在积聚，他朝前望去，见到一群野鸭在水面上飞， 在天空的衬托下，它们的身影清晰可见，然后变得模糊，随后又清晰可见，于是他发觉，在海上谁也不会感到孤单。句子使用了情景交融的写作手法，用词、句子结构、句子间的过渡词都非常简单，但这段简单的描写却让读者想象出老人独自在海上的情景，并且句子中直白的描写也展现了海上冷清孤寂的景象。因此，这种只用简单词句描绘主人公的情感及整个画面的写作手法具有极强的代入感，能让读者感觉身临其境。7. It looked now as though he were moving into a great canyon of clouds and the wind had d
15、ropped. (Page 87, Line 9)眼下仿佛他正驶进一个云彩的大峡谷，风已经停了。as though/as if 引导的从句中的时态取决于说话者对所谈内容的态度，态度和看法的变化会导致时态使用的变化；通常中文翻译为“好像”。一种情况是，若说话者认为其看法是真的或可能会成为事实，从句谓语就按常规变化。另外一种情况是，as though/as if 所引导的从句表示所叙述的情况与事实相反，此时从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，在谈论现在的情形时，用一般过去时（动词 be 用 were）。When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous sp
16、eed，the astronauts feel as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. 当宇宙飞船以巨大的速度离开地球时，宇航员们觉得自己好像快被压扁在飞船的地板上。Why is she looking at me as though she knew me? 她为什么那样看我，像是认识我似的。8. Blood came out from under the fingernails of both his and the negros hands and they looked each other in the eye and at their hands and forearms a
