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1、2022年考博英语-苏州大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations （ ）.问题1选项A.homogeneouslyB.spontaneouslyC.simultaneouslyD.ingeniously【答案】C【解析】副词词义辨析。homogeneously “同样地”； spontaneously “自发地，自然地”； ingeniously “贤明地，有才能地”。句意：光纤电缆可以同时传输数百个电话通话。选项C符合题意。2. 单选题Science h
2、as long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Galileos 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blakes harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if any
3、thing, deepened in this century.Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics- but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked “antiscience” in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist
4、 at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason，” held in New York City in 1995, and
5、“Science in the Age of (Mis) information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo.Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists，philosophers and other academics who have questioned sciences objectivity. Sagan is more concerned
6、 with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of
7、 smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pre-technological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned
8、 about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & Worm Report last May seemed to suggest.The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those wh
9、o question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. “The term antiscience can lump together too many, quite different things,” no
10、tes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science. “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened?”1.The word “schism” (Line 3, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means （ ）.2.Paragraph
11、 2 and 3 are written to （ ）.3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?4.The authors attitude toward the issue of “science vs. antiscience is （ ）.问题1选项A.confrontationB.dissatisfactionC.separationD.contempt问题2选项A.discuss the cause of the decline of sciences powerB.show the authors symp
12、athy with scientistsC.explain the way in which science developsD.exemplify the division of science and the humanities问题3选项A.Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.B.Politicians are not subject to the labeling of antiscience.C.The “more enlightened” tend to tag others as antiscienc
13、e.D.Tagging environmentalists as “antiscience” is justifiable.问题4选项A.impartialB.subjectiveC.biasedD.puzzling【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A【解析】1.词义理解题。根据文章，“The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.”，可知本世纪，科学和人文学科之间的分歧如果说有什么不同的话，那就是分歧加深了。可判断出schism意为分歧，分裂。con
14、frontation “分歧，面对”； dissatisfaction “不满”； separation “分离，分开”； contempt “轻视，蔑视”。文中是指科学与文化之间不和谐的关系，属于同一领域两个方面的分离。选项C符合题意。2.推断题。文章第二三段，运用大量例子进一步说明了科学与人文之间的分歧，如Higher Superstition，The Demon-Haunted World和The Flight from Science and Reason都是作者给出的例子。可推断出作者在二三段主要是为了例证科学和人文学科之间的分歧。选项D符合题意。3.推断题。根据文章第六段，“But
15、 surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & Worm Report last May seemed to suggest.”，可知这当然并不意味着担心工业发展失控的环保主义者是反科学的，正如去年五月份美国新闻与世界报道上的一篇文章所言。可判断出在一篇文章中，环保主义者被指责反科学。选项A符合题意。4.作者态度题。作者在文中提到科学与文化之间存在分歧，并对此进行了例证。作者认为科学家对于分歧的抨击要合理分析，不能一直持反对意见，如果理由充分恰当就是可取的。可判断出作者的态度是不偏袒的，公正的。选项A符合题意。3. 翻译题“Time” says the proverb “is money”. This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets.If our time is usefully employed, it will either turn out some useful and important piece of work w
