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1、华为模拟器3.0&3.31实验注释主编：孙通无锡立信职教中心校2008年11月19日实验一 口令和主机名设置1.交换机的初始化 当交换机没有进行配置时，接入超级终端会提示是否以对话方式进行配置，初始化内容主要有IP地址、网关、主机名和口令等。配置文件是flash:config.text。 2924交换机进入ROM方式是在上电时按住其mode键，本软件是按Ctrl+Break键，出现：switch ;按Ctrl+Break键switch:reset ;或用boot命令 如果有配置文件进入用户模式，否则提交对话： - System Configuration Dialog -At any poin
2、t you may enter a question mark ? for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets .Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no:yEnter IP address:10.65.1.8Enter IP netmask:255.255.0.0Would you like to enter a default gateway address? yes:IP addre
3、ss of default gateway:Enter host name Switch:swaThe enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret used instead of the enable password when it exists.Enter enable secret:aaaWould you like to configure a Telnet password? yes:Enter Telnet password:aWould you like to enable as a cluster command switch
4、? no:The following configuration command script was created:.Press RETURN to get started.swaenpassword:aaaswa#copy run start (保存配置信息)swa#dir flash: (查看闪存中的文件)再次进入对话方式：swa#setup2.路由器的初始化（路由器初始化与交换机类似）router ；用户模式，按Ctrl+Breakrommonreset ；进入ROM监控状态，复位引导Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no:yesAt a
5、ny point you may enter a question mark ? for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets .Would you like to enter basic management setup? yes/no:yesConfiguring global parameters: Enter host name router:ra回车 The enable secret is a password used
6、to protect access to privileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password， after entered， becomes encrypted in the configuration. Enter enable secret:aaa回车 The enable password is used when you do not specify an enable secret password，with some older software versions， and some boot images. Enter e
7、nable password:aa回车 The virtual terminal password is used to protect access to the router over a network interface. Enter virtual terminal password :a回车 Enter interface name used to connect to the management network from the above interface summary:FastEthernet0/0回车 Configuring interface FastEtherne
8、t0/0:回车 Use the 100 Base-TX (RJ-45) connector? yes:回车 Operate in full-duplex mode? no:回车 Configure IP on this interface? yes:回车 IP address for this interface :10.1.1.1回车 Subnet mask for this interface :255.0.0.0回车0 Go to the IOS command prompt without saving this config.1 Return back to the setup wi
9、thout saving this config.2 Save this configuration to nvram and exit.Enter your selection 2:回车raenpassword aaa (进入特权模式)ra#show run (显示配置信息)ra#w (保存配置信息)ra#dir flash: (显示配置文件) (配置文件在2621路由器不能删除，放弁配置文件要用寄存器设置0x2142);3. 用命令行设置交换机和路由器的口令和主机名 先对交换机进行操作，双击SwitchA,出现：switchen ；第一次密码为空switch#conf t ；进入全局配置模
10、式switch(config)#hostname swa ；设置交换机名swa(config)#enable secret aaa ；设置特权加密口令为 aaaswa(config)#enable password aax ；设置特权非密口令为 aaxswa(config)#line console 0 ；进入控制台口(Rs232)swa(config-line)#password aa ；设置console登录口令为aaswa(config-line)#login ；登录要求口令验证swa(config-line)#line vty 0 4 ；进入虚拟终端virtual ttyswa(con
11、fig-line)#password a ；设置vty的登录口令为aswa(config-line)#login ；登录要求口令验证swa(config-line)#exit ；返回上一层swa(config)#exit ；返回上一层swa#sh run ；看配置信息swa#exit ；返回命令swaenpassword: ；请问输入哪个口 (aaa) secret是设置加密口令，一般都使用这种口令设置方式，它优先级高，即没设置secret口令时，非加密口令才有效。4. 备份IOS和配置文件 在实际工作中经常需要备份路由器的IOS和配置文件，以备系统有问题时的恢复。可以这样操作：router#
12、dir nvram:router#copy flash:c2621.bin tftp:router#copy startup-config tftp:router#实验二 计算机与交换机IP地址设置1. 双击HostA， 输入用户名和口令。PCA login:rootPassword:linuxroot#PCA root# ifconfig eth0 10.65.1.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 设置 IP root#PCA root# ifconfig 查看 IProot#PCA root# ifconfig eth0 10.65.1.1 netmask 255.255.0.0
13、 down关闭网卡root#PCA root# route add default gw 10.65.1.9 设置网关root#PCA root# route 查看网关 root#PCA root# route del default gw 10.65.1.9 删除网关2. 双击HostB， 输入用户名和入口令，键入？可以求得帮助。PCB login:rootPassword:linux root#PCB root# ifconfig eth0 10.65.1.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 设置 IProot#PCB root# ifconfig root#PCB root# route add default gw 10.65.1.9 设置网关root#PCB
