2012 届高考英语语法虚拟语气精讲精练习题(有答案)文 章来源莲山 课件 w w w.5Yk J.Com虚拟语气情况 从句的动词 主句的动词 例句与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be动词一律用were) would/could/should/might +动词原形If I had time，I would attend your party.如果我有时间，我就去参加你的宴会了If I saw him now，I would be very happy.如果我现在见到他，我会很高兴的与过去事实相反had+过去分词 would/could/should/might+have+过去分词 You didn't let me drive.If we had driven in turn，you wouldn't have got so tired.你当时不让我开车如果我们轮流开，你就不会觉得那么累了与将来事实相反 动词的过去式；should +动词原形；were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+动 词原形 If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow，we would take photos.如果明天下雪，我们就照相。
注意：(1)若条件句中有were, had, should,可把if省略，而把were, had, should放在 主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中Had you taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed in the examination.如果你听了我的建议， 你就不会考试不及格了2) 有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根 据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式If you had worked hard，you would be very tired now.如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的从句指过去，主句指现在)(3) 有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子 的时态要依具体情况而定Without electricity(= If there were no electricity), life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同But for your help，it would have caused a serious loss.要不是你的帮助，那将会导致巨大的损失。
I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone there with them.(If I hadn't been busy that day，I would have gone there with them.)我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了1. （2010・湖南卷）If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.A. followed B. should followC．had followed D．would follow解析： 句意为：如果他（当时）接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了本题考查虚拟语气 因为 if 条件句表示与过去事实相反，故采用过去完成时答案： C2. （2011・厦门市质量检查）一Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I lateyesterday.一Don't mention it.A. should be B. would beC. will have been D. would have been解析：考查虚拟语气。
从语境可知说话人是在谈论昨天的事，因此要使用情态动词would ＋完成式谢谢你提醒我时间,不然昨天我就迟到了答案： D3. （2011•山东潍坊质检） ___more careful， the mistake would not have been made.A. If he is B. Had he beenC. Should he be D. If he has been解析： 从主句中的 would not have been made 可知，这是与过去相反的虚拟语气，因此从 句谓语动词用had been的形式，又因助动词为had时，可将if省掉，had提前，故B项正 确答案： B （1）在名词性从句中，常用来表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等的词后宾语从句和同位语从句 中用虚拟语气，形式为：（should）+动词原形常这样用的动词有：advise劝告，demand要 求， desire 渴望， command 命令， insist 坚持， prefer 宁愿， urge 主张， order 命令， recommend 推荐， request 要求， require 要求， suggest 建议，以及这些词的名词形式。
Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill， and her parents suggested that she （should）have a medical examination.简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医学检查⑵wish后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish+主语+动词过去式或were 表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+主语+had+过去分词 表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish+主语+would+动词原形I wish she were here.她在这儿就好了I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天跟我们一块去I wish she had taken my advice. 那时她要是听我的话就好了1. （2010・福建卷）Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles toschool for safety.A. not allow B. do not allowC. mustn't allow D. couldn't allow解析： 句意为：为了安全起见，老师建议家长不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。
本 题考查虚拟语气用法 recommend， suggest， insist， order， request， advise 等表“建议、命 令、要求”等意思的动词，后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略答案： A2. (2011・山东潍坊质量抽样)The order came that the medical supplies to Beijing for theH1N1 flu soon.A. would be sent B. should sendC. be sent D. must be sent解析： 当表示愿望、请求、建议、命令等意义的动词(如 order，suggest，command 等)后 面接从句时，从句用虚拟语气从句谓语用should+do, should可以省略order后的同位 语从句也用虚拟语气，故选C项答案： C(1) would rather 句型中的虚拟语气表示愿望，意为“宁愿，但愿”I'd rather we didn't go to see a film this evening. 我倒希望我们今晚不去看电影。
2) It is(high/about)time(that). ..句型中的虚拟语气在句型“It is (high/about)time...”后面也可跟虚拟语气，从句中常用过去式有时也用"should +动词原形”，意为“该是……的时候了”It is time (that)we went home.我们该回家了3) if only 引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气在“if only”引导的感叹句中，要求用虚拟语气，表示愿望用过去时或“would/could+动词原 形”表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望If only I had not been ill last week!要是上周我没病该多好啊！1. (2010・合肥第三次教学检测)一Sorry， Daddy.I am not getting on well with my studies.—Well. you hadn't wasted so much time playing online games.A. As if B. Even ifC. If only D. Only if解析： 考查虚拟语气。
句意为：一一爸爸，对不起，我的学习情况不太好 一一哦，要是 你不把那么多的时间浪费在网络游戏上就好了if only(但愿)接虚拟语气，表示对过去情况 的假设as if好像，even if即使，only if只有，都是状语从句的连词，不符合语意答案： C2. (2011・青岛一模)一My uncle suggests I abroad.一I would rather you at home.A. go；stay B. went；stayedC. go；stayed D. went；stay解析：suggest当“建议”讲时，从句中要用虚拟语气，结构是“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略would rather后面跟从句时，从句中也要用虚拟语气，根据语境此处应用过去时 答案： C1. (2010•浙江卷)Had I known about this computer program， a huge amount of time and energy .A. would have been saved B. had been savedC. will be saved D. was saved解析： 句意为：如果我了解这种电脑程序的话，就可以节约大量的时间和精力。
本题考查 虚拟语气如果表示与过去事实相反的话，条件句采用过去完成时态(如果省略if可采用部 分倒装结构)，主句谓语动词应采用“would+have+过去分词”的结构，故答案为A项答案： A2. （2010•陕西卷）If we the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. take B. had takenC. took D. have taken解析： 句意为：如果我们走另一条路，我们可能早就按时到会了本题考查的是虚拟语气 根据句意及后边主句谓语 might have arrived 可知 if 从句表示与过去事实相反，故 if 从句的 谓语动词用过去完成时答案： B3. （2010・北京卷）一The weather has been very hot and dry.—Yes.If it had rained even a drop ， things would be much better now ！ And my vegetables .A ． wouldn't die B．。