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1、Unit 1 Gender and SocietyAnalytical listeningListening 1 A Lecture A | & B |OK, so today were going to continue on the topic of how children are socialized. Well be looking at gender socializationin other words, how, how children learn their gender roles. Gender is something that we learn first from
2、 our parents, then from our peers, from school, and from the culture we live in. OK, lets start with our parents. Generally, our gender roles are pretty clear to us by the time were around three years old. So how do we, how do we learn these roles so quickly? Well, one way is simply by what our pare
3、nts say to us. Parents give female children a lot of compliments on how they lookon their appearance, right? We say things like, “What a pretty girl!” or “Thats a nice dress youre wearing.” Girls might get compliments on other things, too, but they, they soon learn that being feminine has something
4、to do with being attractive or pretty, right? Boys, in contrast, are complimented on what they do. We say things like, “Look how fast little Timmy can run! Good for you, Timmy!” So over time, boys learn that being, being masculine has something to do with their behaviour and with being active.Our pe
5、ers, when were childrengirls and boys around the same age as we arealso teach us about gender roles, and sometimes theyre not very nice about this either. They make fun of children who arent following the rules. Can you remember kids from your childhood who didnt follow the gender rules? Schools con
6、tinue, schools continue the process of gender socialization. Some schools have separate classes for girls and boys, and, um, of course school uniforms are different pants for boys, and skirts or dresses for girls. Finally, the culture we live in has a lot to teach us about gender roles. C |As you kn
7、ow, one of the first questions when a baby is born is, “Is it a boy or a girl?” We think its important to know this because when children grow up, their role in the world depends on their genderat least to some degree. But nowadays, gender roles are changing, and besides, there have always been a fe
8、w people who are not average, who do not follow the usual gender pattern. One person from history who did not follow her usual gender role was Hatshepsut. Around 150 years before Tutankhamen ruled ancient Egypt as pharaoh, or king, Hatshepsut ruled for 21 years as the female king of Egypt. Thats rig
9、htfemale king, because there was no such thing as a queen as leader. A few women had filled the role of leader when their sons were too young to rule, but Hatshepsut stayed in power even after her stepson, Tutmose III, was old enough to rule. And she accomplished a lot while she was king! Up and dow
10、n the Nile River we can still see the monuments and buildings that were constructed or repaired while Hatshepsut was king. It seems that she did not want to be forgotten.Besides the buildings and monuments, we have a lot of art from the time of Hatshepsut. And whats interesting is that at first, Hat
11、shepsut is shown with female characteristicsshe was clearly a woman, but with the clothing and symbols of a king. For example, in one statue, she is seated and has the body of a woman but is wearing the headdress of a king. In later years, we see the reverse. All of the later artwork shows her as a
12、man, with male characteristics. Were not sure why Hatshepsut had her artists do this, but it may have helped her to keep power. It might have been easier for Egyptians to accept a man as kingor at least someone who looked like a man. Listening 2A Conversation Between Classmates A |Mia: Hey, Dylan! L
13、ong time, no see!Dylan: Yeah, its been ages! I was gone all summer. I had a job working for my uncle, so I stayed with him in Toronto for two months. What about you, Mia? Howve you been?Mia: Great! I just spent the time right here because I was taking a course in summer school. I want to graduate ea
14、rly.Dylan: Wow, youre really working hard! So,. What do you think about this class were in?Mia: Oh, I think its going to be great! Its such an interesting topic“Gender and Sociology”. Dylan: Hmmph. I suppose. I can see that Professor Henley is very knowledgeable on the subject. But I can also see th
15、at I disagree with her about a lot of things.Mia: Such as. ? B |Dylan: Well, I think some jobs just arent good for women like firefighters for instance.Mia: What? You think women arent brave enough or something?Dylan: Hey, I never said that! But, well, they arent as strong physically, I mean. Do you
16、 think a woman could carry me out of a burning building? Come on, everyone knows men are stronger than women.Mia: Ha! So, you think youre stronger than the female athletes in the Olympics, just because youre a man?Dylan: Well, no, of course not .Mia: Then you cant say that all men are stronger than all women. Here, let me draw you a graph . Dylan: Whats that?Mia: Its from my summer
