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1、外文原文：Mechanical designAccording to user requirements of special mechanical working principle, structure, movement, power and energy transmission, various parts of the material and shape size, lubrication methods for design, analysis and calculation and mechanical design Translate them into a specifi
2、c description to be made based on the workingprocess. Mechanical design is an important part of mechanical engineering, machinery is produced in the first step, is to determine the mechanical properties of the main factors. Mechanical design goal is: in various limited conditions (such as materials,
3、 processing ability, theory and calculation method of design of the best machinery ), i.e. to make optimization design. Optimization design to consider the many requirements, generally : the best performance, the minimum cost, the minimum size and weight, use the reliability, minimum consumption and
4、 the minimum environmental pollution. These requirements are often contradictory, but their relative importance for the mechanical type and use vary. The designers task is to weigh up one thing against another according to the specific circumstance, take all factors into consideration, make the desi
5、gn of the mechanical optimal comprehensive technical and economic effect. In the past, optimization design depends on the designers knowledge, experience and vision. As the base of mechanical engineering theory and the value engineering, systems analysis and other new disciplines in the development,
6、 manufacture and use of technical economy the accumulation of data, as well as computer application, optimize gradually abandon the subjective judgment and rely on scientific computing. In the service of different industry different machinery, application of different working principle, requires a d
7、ifferent function and characteristic. Industrial machinery design, especially the whole and the entire system of mechanical design, must be attached to the relevant industrial technology to form an independent discipline. So the design of agricultural machinery, mining machinery, textile machinery,
8、automobile design design design, ship design, design of pump, compressor, turbine design, engine design, machine design, professional mechanical design branch. However, many of these professional design and many common technologies, such as the analysis and synthesis of mechanisms, and can analysis
9、and calculation, engineering materials, strength of materials, transmission, lubrication, sealing, and standardization, reliability, process optimization. In addition, there are research design work of the inherent law and the rationality of the design methods and steps of the new design methodology
10、. The mechanical design of the general technology and rational design methodology brings together into an independent, comprehensive mechanical design is mechanical engineering practice and education workers are working hard. A machine quality basically depends on the quality of design. Manufacturin
11、g process on the quality of the machine the role, essence is to realize the design required quality. Therefore, the machines design phase is the key decision machine. Mechanical designThe discussion of the design process refers only to the narrow sense of technical design process. It is a creative p
12、rocess, but also a try best to use the successful experience of the job. Be well to the inheritance and innovation to combine, in order to design a high quality machine. As a complete machine, it is a complex system. To improve the design quality, must have a scientific design program. Although it i
13、s not possible for a list of valid in all cases only program, but, according to the long term experience, a machine design process basically can be as shown in Table 2- 1. 1for each stage are respectively brief description. ( a ) the planning stage in accordance with the production or life presents
14、the need to design new machines, the planning stage is a stage of preparation. At this time, to design the machines only a vague notion. In the planning stages, to deal with the design of the machine needs to do the full investigation and analysis. Through the analysis, to further clarify the machin
15、e the function that should have, and for the subsequent decision proposed by the environmental, economic, and processing time and other aspects of the identified constraints. Based on this, clearly written assignments on the overall requirements and design details, finally forms the design task book
16、, as the stage summary. The design task book generally should include : the machine function, economy and environmental protection estimates, manufacturing requirements with respect to roughly estimate, basic requirements, and completed the task of design is expected duration. At this point, the requirements and conditions in general can only give a reasonable range, but not the exact number. For example can be used must meet the requirements, minimum requireme
