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1、2022-2023年考博英语-大连理工大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题There is no easy solution to Japans labour （ ）问题1选项A.declineB.rarityC.vacancyD.shortage【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。decline “下降”；rarity “罕见”；vacancy “空缺，空白”； shortage “短缺”。句意：日本劳动力短缺的问题不容易解决。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题Do you have any（ ） about what living beings on other planets would
2、be like?问题1选项A.idealB.comprehensionC.notionD.intelligence【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。ideal “理想”；comprehension “理解力”；notion “观念，意见”；intelligence “智力”。句意：你能想象出其它星球上的生物是什么样的吗？选项C符合题意。3. 单选题Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the desig
3、ners of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem of how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so
4、 well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable. Some parts of most modern buildings-theatres and offices as well as classrooms-are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-condition even in winter. The technique of saving heat and
5、 redistributing it is called “heat recovery”. A few modern building recover heat but the Universitys system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more h
6、eat his body gives off. Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working, overweight male genius.1.Until recently, body heat has caused problem
7、s because it（ ）2.Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?3.At Johnstown campus, how many of the buildings are heated entirely by the heat collection system?4.In line 6, “conventional” most nearly means （ ）.5.According to the passage, which of the following would
8、produce the LEAST amount of heat?问题1选项A.was difficult to collectB.came in a variety of formsC.was difficult to get rid ofD.tended to be absorbed by physical objects问题2选项A.The heat is supplied by human bodies onlyB.The best is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objectsC.The heat is
9、 supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.D.The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel问题3选项A.noneB.twoC.fourD.six问题4选项A.ordinaryB.powerfulC.electricalD.extra问题5选项A.A fat female who studies hardB.a fat male who does not studyC.A thin female who
10、 does not studyD.A thin male who studies hard【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第二句 The usual problem is how to dispose of it提到关于热量的问题是如何处理它，选项C符合题意。2.文章第一段They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrige
11、rators as well提到热量主要来源于人体热量，和像电灯泡、冰箱这类物体，选项B符合题意。3.文章第一段the system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable 提到学校的六栋建筑物，选项D符合题意。4.题干中conventional的意思是“常见的”；所以选项A符合题意。5.文章最后一句话It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johunstown
12、campus would be a hard-working, overweight male genius 提到根据推测可得知一个超重的、勤奋的男性产生的热量是最多的。因此可以推测一个瘦小的、不勤奋的女性产生的热量是最少的。选项C符合题意。4. 单选题The direction were so（ ） that it was impossible to complete the assignment.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ingenious “有独创性的”；ambitious “有
13、野心的”；notorious “臭名昭著的”；ambiguous “模糊不清的”。句意：指示太模糊了，不可能完成这项任务。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题There are some 65 species of New World monkeys. Many of these have a very useful anatomical adaptation lacking in their old world counterparts that curious “fifth hand, the prehensile （适手抓住的）tail. And in a few species the gri
14、pping tail has developed to such as extent that is actually has “fingerprints” on the tip. While of course a tail is not-accepted with fingers, it can sometimes be even more useful than an arm or a leg. A spider monkeys tail, for instance, is longer than its head and body combined, and is frequently
15、 used instead of a hand to grasp distant objects. Other monkeys less fortunate are forced to relegate at least one limb to support while they feed, whereas monkeys endowed with prehensility can hang by their tails while they feast with both hands and feet. A few New World monkeys have also evolved arms and shoulders that are suitable for swinging hand over hand through the trees like the Asiatic gibbons.1.The passage mainly discusses（ ） .2.The author probably believes th
