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1、Custom Load (Tube)Custom Load has tabs you use to specify density, pressure, and temperature profiles inside and outside the current string that are not available from any of the standard load types. Use the String tab to specify profiles inside the string and the Annulus tab to specify profiles out
2、side.On the String tab, the Tubing Profile group box, located on the left, is used to define tubing density or tubing pressure profiles. On the Annulus tab, it is the Annulus Profile group box, and it is used to define annulus density or annulus pressure profiles.The Tubing and Annulus Temperature P
3、rofile group boxes are defaulted to undisturbed temperatures. Enter the temperature profile your want to model as final temperature for this load. Entries are assumed linear between the entered depths, and values should be entered at the top and base of the string.Fracture Screen-OutThis load case m
4、odels the high injection pressure encountered at the end of a fracture operation. The prior load case (usually an injection case) is recalled for temperatures, internal densities, and external conditions (such as casing pressure).Fields and ControlsPump PressurePressure applied at the wellhead.Opera
5、tion or LoadThis drop-down list box has the names of all loads or operations defined for the current string that can be linked to other loads. Selecting one of these items allows the code to use the temperature profile from the item as final temperature conditions for the current load case.Overpull
6、(Tube)This load case models tension in the tubing string due to the air weight of the tubing (or buoyed weight in mud). An overpull force (usually applied to unseat a packer) can be specified to model additional surface tension applied to the tubing (usually to free stuck tubing). The temperatures s
7、pecified on the Initial Conditions dialog are used as the temperature profile for the load case.Fields and ControlsOverpull ForceSpecify the overpull force.Running FluidDefine the fluid inside the well when the current string is run. This drop-down list box has the names of all fluid types for stand
8、ard mud, compositional mud, brine, and air.Pressure Test (Tube)This load case models a tubing pressure test with pressure applied at the surface. An optional plug can be entered, and the axial force due to pressure acting on the plug will be included. The pressure below the plug is calculated based
9、on the specified fluid density. The temperatures specified on the Initial Conditions dialog are used as the temperature profile for the load case.The following calculations are used: From the hanger to the plug depth,Pinternal = Ptest + g rmud TVD From the plug depth to the shoe,Pinternal = g rmud T
10、VDFields and ControlsPump PressurePressure applied at the wellhead.Fluid Inside TubingFluid types available for specifying inside the tubing are Standard muds Standard hydrocarbons of gas type Compositional muds BrinesPlug PresentIf this check box is marked, a depth must be specified at which the pl
11、ug will be placed. The default depth for the plug is defined as the base of the current string.Prod LinkThis load case is used to model the current string with the temperature profiles imported from a Prod operation.Fields and ControlsOperationContains initial conditions and the name of all Prod ope
12、rations.Wellhead PressurePressure applied to the top of the fluid column in the current string.Fill from Annulus Contents Spreadsheet for Next StringIf marked, the density for the annulus fluid defined for the next string is used to define an internal density profile for the current string.FluidIf m
13、arked, you can specify a different fluid. Fluid types available are Standard muds Compositional muds BrinesPoint Axial LoadMarking this check box allows you to optionally apply an axial point load anywhere along the length of the current string.Axial ForceEnter the applied load value.Applied DepthSp
14、ecify the depth at which the axial force is applied.Pump-In to KillThis load case may result in worst-case burst loads at the surface for low permeability formations when a pump pressure significantly greater than the shut-in wellhead pressure is required to begin a bullhead kill operation.Temperatu
15、re, internal density, and external conditions are recalled from the prior case (production or shut-in). It then applies the user-entered surface pressure.If you want to model thermal contraction loads during a kill operation, use the Transient Injection load as the prior operation or load.Fields and
16、 ControlsPump PressurePressure applied at the wellhead.Operation or LoadThis drop-down list box has the names of all loads or operations defined for the current string that can be linked to other loads. Selecting one of these items allows the code to use the temperature profile from the item as final temperature conditions for the current load
