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1、一、常用词组和句型 1. used to + v. A. 意思是“过去经常做某事；过去曾经做过某事”，to后跟动词原形。词组表示过去的习惯或状态。如： * This river used to be clean. But now it is seriously polluted. * We used to live in the city. * He doesnt smoke these days, but he used to. 否定句通常用didnt use(d) to + v., 但多数人喜欢用didnt use to。如： * He didnt use(d) to drink. * D
2、id you use(d) to be a teacherB. 短语be used to的意思是“习惯于”，to是介词，后跟名词或动词的-ing形式作宾语。如： * He is used to this kind of job. * I am not used to getting up early. 词组get used to和become used to也表示“习惯于”，其后跟名词或动名词做宾语，这两个词组表示动作，而be used to表示一个状态。如： l I am sure the foreign student will soon get used to our way of li
3、ving.2. the next day，next day A. next day 表示“明天”，相当于tomorrow，句子中动词的时态应是一般将来时。如： * I will call you again next day. Please wait for my call then. 类似的时间状语还有：next Saturday, next week, next morning, next summer, next time, etc. B. the next day 表示“第二天”，表示紧接在后的那一天，句子中动词的时态通常是一般过去时。如： * On Monday he arrived
4、 in Tianjin and the next day he called on me. 类似的时间状语还有：the next Monday, the next month, the next year, the next time, etc. C. next用在表示“(场所、位置)最近的；隔壁的”或表示“(顺序、价值)次位的”时，往往应该加上定冠词the。如： * the next room * This bus is too crowded. Lets wait for the next one. * Turn right at the next corner. 3. not until
5、，until A. until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。如： * I waited until three oclock, but he didnt come. * He lived with his parents until he graduated from college. B. not until表示“到为止；直到才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。如： * The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight. * The childr
6、en didnt come home until it was dark. * I didnt know the truth until you told me.4. 包含think的几个常用词组 A. think of “想起；认为；想到；考虑”。如： * I cant think of his phone number. * This picture makes me think of my childhood. * I am thinking of changing my job. B. think about “考虑；思考”。如： * What are you thinking abo
7、ut? * Are you still thinking about moving to the country? think of 表示“考虑”时与think about 接近 。C. think out “想出”，强调结果。如： * I will think out a way of doing that work and let you know. * She thought out a plan at that moment. D. think over “仔细考虑”，相当于think about carefully。如： * I would like you to think ove
8、r the plan. * I need a couple of days to think this matter over. 二、语法： 现在完成时态(一) * I have just done my homework. * Who has taken my pen? * I have studied English for about 3 years. * He has lived in this city since 1992. * They have seen the movie already. * I have met her before. 完成时态所表示的意思：现在完成时态表
9、示过去发生的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果，过去的这个动作或状态也有可能持续下去。(一) 现在完成时态的构成 现在完成时态的句子结构是“主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词过去分词”。如： * I have had lunch already. * She has bought some books on history. 动词过去分词的构成方式有两种情况：规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式的变化一样，也是在词尾加-ed构成；不规则变化的过去分词需要死记。(二) 现在完成时态的句子转换 1. 肯定式：They have / Theyve just finishe
10、d their homework. 否定式：They havent finished their homework yet. 疑问式：Have they finished their homework yet? 简略答语：Yes, they have. / No, they havent. 2. 肯定式：She has seen the movie already. 否定式：She hasnt seen the movie yet. 疑问式：Has she seen the movie yet? 简略答语： Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt.(三)现在完成时态的用法
11、表示一个动作刚刚结束或完成，但这个动作所造成的状态或影响目前依然存在，即表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，强调现在的情况。常与副词just, already, yet等连用。注意：just，already常用于肯定句中，yet常用于否定句或疑问句句尾。如： * We have already known each other. * I have just washed my coat. * The foreign teacher hasnt come here yet. * Have you read his new book yet?(四)现在完成时态与一般过去时 一般过去时与现在完成时都可
12、以表示在过去发生的动作。但现在完成时态强调的是过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，它重点说明现在的情况，是基于现在时间的时态，因此它不能与明确指出过去时间的状语如：yesterday, last week, last night, last month, ago, just now等连用，但可以和一些不明确指出时间的时间状语如：already, yet, just, before等连用。 一般过去时态只表示过去的某时间发生的动作或存在的状态，叙述过去的事实，不涉及现在的情况，甚至与现在无关。因此它可以和表示过去某时间的时间状语连用如： * I have already been a te
13、acher. I was a teacher two years ago. * We have had supper already. We had it at 7:00.三、练习 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Mary _ already _ (have) her supper. 2. I _ (not want) to see the film. I _ (see) it with my parents. We _ (see) it last Sunday. 3. -_ his mother _ (mend) the TV yet? -No, she _. -When _ she _
14、(mend) it? -Next week.6. -Where _ (be) Mary and Linda? -In the library. Maybe they _ (choose) some books on art now5. My father _ (not work) at his desk when I came in. He _ (read) a newspaper in his chair. 4. She _ (lose) her dictionary this morning. She _ (look) for it everywhere. But she _ (not find) it yet. 7. If he _ (finish) the book, he _ (give) it back to me as soon as he can. 8. Tom _ just _ (come) back from Japan. He _ (get) home five minutes ago6. -Where _ (be) Mary and Li
