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1、公共管理学部分笔记（Notes on Public Administration）chief counsellor of Liu BangThe first chapter is introductionPublic administration is a discipline that studies the principles, characteristics and ways of public sector management of public affairs.Section 1. Analysis of the scientific connotation of public
2、affairsI. connotation and characteristics of public affairs.There are objective uncertainties in public affairs, and the degree of social development in different countries leads to a difficult understanding of public affairs.To understand the public management, we must scientifically define the con
3、notation of public affairs and understand public affairs by studying public goods.Public goods: the benefits of goods and services are shared by members of the community, not by one person alone.Characteristics of public goods: common consumption and non exclusive.Through the combination of CO consu
4、mption and non exclusive, four different consumption characteristics and exclusive combinations are obtained.ExclusivenessWhetherCommon consumption is quasi public goods and public goodsNo private goods, quasi public goods1, the theoretical division of public goods and private goods is not necessari
5、ly related to the social system.2, there are objective differences in the scope of public goods in different societies. Not only restricted by social development, but also influenced by social system.Public goods are not only the material form, but also the form of service. Public affairs are the ac
6、tual description of the formation and effectiveness of public goods.Public affairs refers to a series of activities involving the quality of life and common interests of the whole society as a whole, and the actual results of these activities.Characteristics of public affairs:1, public welfare: soci
7、al public interests as a whole.2, non-profit: public welfare determines the non-profit, even if the charges, not for profit purposes.3, scale: public affairs on the integrity of society is inseparable, at the same time, the scope is very large.4, class nature: social common interests reflect the int
8、erests of the ruling class requirements, the specific content of public affairs also meet the needs of the ruling class.The characteristics of public affairs for the management of public affairs must have the authority, reflects the public power of the central government, the social public power, wh
9、ich has the authority of the management of public affairs and social public affairs management is an important duty of the government to.Two, the government has become the main process of the management of social and public affairsMarx and Engels put forward that the state is linked to the managemen
10、t of social public affairs and the exercise of social public power.The type of state origin:1, it is related to class contradictions and class struggle, and is a product of irreconcilable class contradictions. Ancient Greece, Rome.2, and social division of labor and production management related, is
11、 the social organization and social production contradiction product. Four ancient civilizations.The emergence and development of the state is closely related to the needs of the management of social public affairs. In the long course of historical evolution, the state has achieved the status of the
12、 management of social public affairs. P7Three, the further analysis of public power1, the concept of powerEvery member of society has certain rights in economic and social activities, and when rights have the power to force their actions, they become powers.Power is the coercive force that influence
13、s and governs the actions of others, or the ability to change things locally or wholly in accordance with their own wishes.Each kind of social behavior is the power behavior, each kind of social relations is a power equation, the social group or the social system is a power organization system.Power
14、 is the potential to exert influence and demand. Power is not equal to influence, but it is proportional to influence.The power of the whole society is a system, including personal power, property right and public power.2, the concept of public powerPublic power is the right to deal with public affa
15、irs. Public power is produced by the common needs of society. The basic purpose is to maintain, adjust or develop the basic order of the whole social life.3, the sources of public power: two perspectivesA, the strong social, in order to safeguard their own interests, formulated and standardized in t
16、he form of law.Law is the law of power.B and people contract each other equally and achieve the result of joint will. Is the general public .In the later period of primitive society, power established public institutions, and public power came into being.4, the function of public powerAs a social control system,
