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1、2020学年人教版英语精品资料必修一 Unit1 friendshipGrammar(Direct Speech and Indirect Speech ()整体设计教学重点Summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.教学难点Get the students to learn about the special cases in which the tenses shouldnt be changed.教学方法Discussing, summarizing and practicing教具准备A projector and
2、other necessary teaching tools三维目标Knowledge aims:Get the students to learn and grasp the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.Ability aims:Get the students to be able to use the rules to express their meanings and retail others correctly.Emotional aims:1. Get the students not to be afraid of g
3、rammar learning.2. Get the students to develop their sense of group cooperation.教学过程Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Have a dictation to write some important words and expressions.Suggested words and expressions:upsetignoreconcernloosecheatreasonsharenaturethunderentirelygo throughh
4、ide awaycalm downset downgrow crazy abouton purposeface to faceaccording to3. Translate some sentences using the patterns we have learned.Suggested sentences:1）为了上课不迟到，他七点钟就出发了。(in order to)2）小明昨天没来上学确实是因为生病了。(It is. . . that. . . )3）这小房间里太闹。(far too much)4）那是我第一次到北京。(It is/was the first/second time
5、/that. . . )Suggested answers:1）In order not to be late for class, he set off at seven oclock. /He set off at seven oclock in order not to be late for class.2）It is because he was ill that Xiaoming didnt come to school.3）There is far too much noise in the small room.4）It was the first time that I ha
6、d been to Beijing.Step 2 Lead-inTell the class:In the last lesson, we learned Anne Franks story. She is telling her stories to two of her friendsyou and Mary. Mary has something wrong with her ears, so you have to repeat Annes sentences, using Indirect speech. Sometimes you explain Marys sentences t
7、o Anne.“I have to stay in the hiding place. ”said Anne. Anne said she had to stay in the hiding place.“Do you feel sad when you are not able to go outdoors? ” Mary asked Anne. Mary asked Anne if/whether she felt sad when she was not able to go outdoors.“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a
8、 diary, ” said Anne. Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.“What do you call your diary? ” Mary asked. Mary asked what she called her diary. . .Get the students to go on this topic by themselves.Step 3 Grammar1. Tell the class:Now lets look at these sentences again.
9、If we want to change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech, what should be changed?2. Get the students discuss by themselves.Perhaps most students can find sentence structures, tenses, pronouns, adverbials of time and place and verbs should be changed.3. Show the students the form on the screen. These
10、are the rules.当我们引用别人的话时，如果我们引用别人的原话，被引用的部分就叫直接引语，一般用“”引起来。如果我们用自己的话把意思转述出来，被转述的部分称为间接引语，间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。1）直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。Mary said, “I am very happy to help you. ”Mary said that she was very happy to help you.2）直接引语是一般疑问句或选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词w
11、hether或if引导。He asked me, “Do you like playing basketball? ”He asked me if/whether I liked playing basketball.注意：大多数情况下，if和whether都可以用，但后面和or not连用时或在动词不定式前或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。She asked me whether I could do it or not.3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由原句的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。My sist
12、er asked me, “What do you think of the film? ”My sister asked me what I thought of the film.4）注意事项（1)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。He asked Lucy, “Where have you been? ”He asked Lucy where she had been.Mary said, “What do you want, Ann? ”Mary asked Ann what she wanted.（2)直接引语是客观事实、真理、规律等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。The
13、 teacher told his students, “The earth goes round the sun. ”The teacher told his students that the earth goes round the sun.（3)直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。He said, “I havent seen my daughter today. ”He said that he hadnt seen his daughter that day.注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就没必要改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。
14、时态变化规律表直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时一些常用词变化规律表直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythat daytomorrowthe next (following)daynext week/month/. . .the next (following)week/month. . .yesterdaythe day beforelast week/month/. . .the week/month/.
15、 . . beforethree days/months/. . . agothree days/month/. . .this week/month/. . .that week/month. . .地点herethere动词comegoOption:如果学生基础较好，语法部分也可用英语讲解。1. Direct SpeechIn direct speech, the original speakers exact words are given and are indicated by quotation marks.“I dont know what to do, ” said Tom.In some grammar books, “said Tom” is referred to as a reporting clause. “I dont know what to do, ” is referred to as the reported clause.2. Indirect SpeechIn indirect speech,
