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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语语法-名词（一） 可数名词和不可数名词1 什么是不可数名词？ 1）物质名词 glass, tea2）抽象名词 beauty, youth3) 科学名称 physics, maths练习：找出不可数名词boot tear knowledge money wood chicken musichomework bread blood dress news milk dustman2不可数名词变成可数名词1）词义发生改变timetimes work-works woodwoods sandsandsclothclothes glassglasses2) 加量词a gl
2、ass of water , two pieces of paper练习；填入恰当的量词a _ of good news (条)a _ of trousers (条)a _ of advice ( 条)a _ of coffee (杯 )a _ of oil (滴)a _ of time (段)a _ of matches (盒)a _ of glasses (副)a _ of chocolate (条)a _ of ink (瓶)a _ of tea (壶)two _ of fish (盘)three _ of rice (袋)four _ of furniture (件)five _ of
3、 sugar (磅)six _ of clothes (套)（二）可数名词的复数构成A. 规则变化构成法例词一般情况在词尾加_Desk-desks以_ _ _ _结尾加 _Bus -buses以_ 结尾的加_Face-faces以辅音+_结尾，变_为_加 _Baby-babies以辅音+ _结尾加_Tomoto-tomatoes以元音+ _结尾加_Radio -radios以_或_结尾，变_/_ 为_, 加 _Life-lives练习：写出下列名词的复数形式。1）shoe 2) orange 3) eye 4) month 5) fox 6) match 7) city 8) class9)
4、family 10) country 11) boy 12) key13) leaf 14) thief 15)hero 16)photoB. 不规则变化1. 单复同形deer sheep fish Chinese Japanese means2. 只有复数形式people police cattle clothes trousers, glasses3. 不规则变化man- men woman- women foot - feet tooth-teethmouse -mice child-children German-Germans4. 复合名词的复数1) 将后一部分变成复数 Englis
5、hman-Englishmen gentleman-gentlemen policewoman-policewomen grown-up-grown-ups 2) 将主要成分变成复数looker-on-lookers-on son-in-law-sons-in-law 3) 如果前一词是man, woman，将两部分都变成复数men doctors women singers练习：roof_ woman driver_ step-mother_sheep _ Japanese _sister-in-law_（二） 名词所有格1. 表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格在名词后加sMr Lis hous
6、e The cats food James dog The dogs food2. 表示无生命的东西的名词，用of+名词的结构来表示The leg of the desk the cover of the magazine3. 在时间，距离，度量，价值等名词后，可用名词所有格。Two months time Todays newspaper fifty pounds weight4. 表示店铺或某人的家时，常在所有格后省去shop, home.The doctors the tailors my uncles the barbers5. 名词前有冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词时，用of词组+所
7、有格表示a friend of Johns that bike of Toms6. 某样东西为两人或多人共有，在后一个名词尾+s .Jane and Freds mother Janes and Freds motherTom and Tims car Toms and Tims car（三） 名词的用法名词在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。1 The story is very interesting. ( )2 I am drawing a picture. ( )3 My brother is a doctor. ( )（四） 主谓一致1. 主语是复数，谓语用复数，主语是单数，谓语用单数。He
8、 is a student. We are students.2. and 连接两个名词，看有无the.The professor and writer is going to give us a lecture of writing.The professor and the writer are going to our school.3. A number of和The number of后的谓语。The number of people was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.4. 主语单数+
9、with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including +谓语单数主语复数+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including +谓语复数A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.Nobody but your parents knows about it.All the teachers as well as the students were invited to the party. 5. 有些名词复数形式作为一个
10、整体，(如度量，距离，金额，时间，书名等）其谓语动词用单数。Two weeks _(be ) not enough to finish the work .1000 dollars _(be ) a large amount of money.6. There be 句型就近原则。There _ a pair of glasses on the desk.There _ two patients and a nurse in the hospital.There _ a nurse and two patients in the hospital.7. 某些集体名词，如family ,team
11、 等做主语时，若当一个整体看，谓语动词就用单数，若就其中一个一个成员来看，谓语动词就用复数，class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , government , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也类似His family _(be) a happy family.They whole family _(be) having lunch. The population of China _(be)very large.All the world _(be) waiting for the good news
12、.8. 成双成对构成的东西，如glasses, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，但与a pair一起构成作主语时，谓语动词用单数。9each , every+名词，谓语用单数。Each boy and girl _ (want) to serve the people in the future.10以 either or , neither nor , not only but also ，notbut等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应按照就近原则。Either you or he _(be) to go .Not only he but also I _(be) wrong .Neither the ch
