《2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第6期》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第6期（39页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Africa and South American are moving away from each other as new material is（ ）into the floor between them.问题1选项A.dejectedB.ejectedC.injectedD.projected【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deject“使沮丧；使灰心”；B选项eject“喷射；驱逐， 逐出”；C选项inject“注入；注射”；D选项project“计划；发射；放映”。句意：随着新材料被注入到非洲
2、和南美之间的地板上，它们正在相互远离，因此C选项正确。2. 单选题One（ ）needed when making a cake is flour, another is sugar.问题1选项A.containerB.ingredientC.contentD.equivalent【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项container“集装箱；容器”；B选项ingredient“原料；要素；组成部分”；C选项content“内容，目录；满足；容量”；D选项equivalent“等价物，相等物”。句意：制作蛋糕所需的一种原料是面粉，另一种原料是糖。根据句中“making a cake制作蛋糕”
3、可知“原料”符合语境，因此B选项正确。3. 单选题Henry was the only one who knew how to cook because he had _in the kitchen when he was a boy.问题1选项A.helped aboutB.helped outC.helped withD.helped up【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项“helped about”意为“就帮忙”；B选项“helped out”意为“帮助摆脱困难；帮忙”；C选项“helped with”意为“帮某人做；在某方面帮助”；D选项“helped up”意为“把（某人）扶起来
4、，帮助（某人）往上搬东西”。句意：亨利是唯一会做饭的人，因为他小时候在厨房里帮过忙。由题干可知，Henry was the only one who knew how to cook（亨利是唯一会做饭的人），所以可以推测出亨利小时候在厨房帮过忙。因此B选项符合题意。4. 单选题To absorb a younger workforce, many companies offered retirement plans as incentives for older workers to retire and make way for the younger ones who earned low
5、er salaries.问题1选项A.rewardsB.opportunitiesC.motivesD.stimuli【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。incentive“激励；奖励；诱因”；A选项reward“奖励；奖赏”；B选项opportunity（其复数形式为 opportunities）“时机，机会”；C选项motive“动机，目的”；D选项stimuli（其为stimulus的复数形式）“激励；刺激；促进因素”。句意：为了吸收更年轻的劳动力，许多公司推出了退休计划，以激励年龄较大的员工退休，为工资较低的年轻员工让路。根据句中“retirement plans退休计划”可知incent
6、ive在这里的意思应为“激励”，因此D选项正确。5. 不定项选择题Researchers disagree on whether the “use it or lose it” philosophy holds for cognitive aging, but there is one evidence that keeping mentally active can slow age-related declines. At Pennsylvania State University, Sherry Willis and her husband, K. Warner Schaie, have
7、 studied 5000 people, some since 1956. People lucky enough to avoid chronic diseases may also fare better in intellectual function, they find, perhaps because chronic diseases can restrict lifestyle and reduce mental stimulation. Similarly, those lucky enough to be relatively affluent also fare bett
8、er, perhaps because money can buy intellectually stimulating things like travel.Education helps too. Researchers say because it instills the conviction that you can always learn something new. The Schaie-Willis team also has some other observations. Being in a stable marriage with a stimulating spou
9、se, they say, helps maintain intellectual vigor.Flexibility counts too. People who stay mentally vibrant are often those who do not insist that “they must do things today as they did before” Schaie says. In neuropsychological terms, the ability to see problems in new ways often yields higher scores
10、on tests of mental function. And people satisfied with life also stay more mentally fit, he says.If you find your mental skills sagging, consider working on specific deficits. When Willis gave 5-hours tutorials on inductive reasoning or spatial skills to about 200 people whose skills had declined in
11、 the previous 14 years, 40 percent regained lost abilities. That advantage held up seven years late when they were retested.Other ways to stay sharp, Schaie says, are doing jigsaw puzzles to hone visuo-spatial skills, working crossword puzzles for verbal skills, and playing bridge for memory and sim
12、ply matching wits at home with players on TV game shows.Finally, remember this. Even though you may lose some mental skills with normal aging, you also gain in one key area: wisdom. The growth of wisdom continues throughout the 40s, 50s and even 60s.1. In the passage, the author mainly discusses （ ）
13、.2. The word “it” in the saying “use it or lose it” (paragraph 1) refers to （ ）.3. According to the researchers, which of the following factors affects cognitive aging?4. From this passage we may safely infer that （ ） might help prevent mental declines.5. According to the author, all of the followin
14、g can truly be said about wisdom EXCEPT that （ ）.问题1选项A.the role of mental stimulation in preventing mental agingB.gradual loss of mental skills with normal agingC.the relationship between mental function and spatial skillsD.effective ways to keep intellectual vigor问题2选项A.brain powerB.cognitive deve
15、lopmentC.mental simulatingD.intellectual function问题3选项A.EducationB.Chronic illnessC.Standard of livingD.All of the above问题4选项A.physical exercisesB.social interconnectionsC.rigid daily routinesD.a healthy diet问题5选项A.wisdom may be thought of as a special form of abilities and knowledge completely developed with life experienceB.wisdom may still grow even when the process of mental aging startedC.wisdom is superior in importance to mental skills such inductive reas
