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1、1. The American Transcendentalists formed a club called _ .the Transcendental Club2. _ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism. Washington Irving3. At nineteen_ published in his brothers newspaper, his Jonathan Oldstyle satires of New York life.4. In Washington Irvings
2、work_ appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature. The Sketch Book5. The first important American novelist was_. James Fenimore Cooper 6. James Fenimore Coopers novel _ was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War. T
3、he Spy7. The best of James Fenimore Coopers sea romances was_. The Pilot8. To a Waterfowl is perhaps the peak of_s work; it has been called by an eminent English critic “the most perfect brief poem in the language.” William Cullen Bryant 9. _ was the first American to gain the stature of a major poe
4、t in the world literature.10. Edgar Allan Poes poem_ is perhaps the best example of onomatopoeia in the English language. The Bells11. Edgar Allan Poes poem_ was published in 1845 as the title poem of a collection. The Raven 12. From Henry David Thoreaus Concord jail experience, came his famous essa
5、y _. Civil DisobedienceBy the 1830s Washington Irving was judged the nation s greatest writer, a lofty position he later shared with James Fenimore Cooper and William Cullen Bryant.In the early nineteenth century, the attitude of American writers was shaped by their New World environment and an arra
6、y of ideas inherited from the romantic tradition of Europe.As a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematical.The foundation of American national literature was laid by the early American romanticists.At mid-19th century, a cultural reawakening brought a flowering of New E
7、ngland.Romantic writers in the 19th century placed increasing value on the free expression of emotion and displayed increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters.With a vast group of supporting characters, virtuous or villainous, James Fenimore Cooper made the America conscious of h
8、is past, and made the European conscious of America.No other American poet ever surpassed Edgar Allan Poes ability in the use of English as a medium of pure musical and rhythmic beauty.The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poes short stories.Ralph Waldo Emerson was recognized as the l
9、eader of transcendentalist movement, but he never applied the term Transcendentalist to himself or to his beliefs and ideas.In 1836, Ralph Waldo Emerson published his first book, Nature, which met with a mild reception.Ralph Waldo Emersons prose style was sometimes as highly individual as his poetry
10、.The harsh rhythms and striking images of Ralph Waldo Emersons poetry appeal to many modern readers as artful techniques.Henry Wadsworth Longfellows writings belong to the milder aspects of the Romantic Movement.American romanticism was in a way derivative: American romantic writing was some of them
11、 modeled on English and European works.Ralph Waldo Emersons aesthetics brought about a revolution in American literature in general and in American poetry in particular.Henry David Thoreau was an active Transcendentalist. He was by no means an escapist or a recluse, but was intensely involved in the
12、 life of his day.The Scarlet Letter is set in the seventeenth century. It is an elaboration of a fact which the author took out of the life of the Puritan past.2.Transcendentalism took their ideas from_ .A.the romantic literature in EuropeB.neo-PlatonismC.German idealistic philosophyD.the revelation
13、s of oriental mysticismABCD8. Transcendentalists recognized_ as the highest power of the soul.”A. intuition10. Transcendentalism appealed to those who disdained the harsh God of the Puritan ancestors, and it appealed to those who scorned the pale deity of New EnglandA. Transcendentalism B.HumanismC.
14、Naturalism D.UnitarianismD13. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in _ .A. James Fenimore Coopers Leatherstocking TalesB.Henry David Thoreaus WaldenC.Mark Twains Huckleberry FinnD.Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet LetterABC14. A preoccupation with the demonic and the mystery of evil marked the works of _ , and a host of lesser writers.A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B.Edgar Allan PoeC.Herman Melville D.Mark TwainABC16. In the nineteenth century America, Romantics often shared ce
