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1、考点：国际商务贸易的主要类型（major types of international business） ATrade（贸易）： a. commodity trade (商品贸易,也叫有形贸易visible trade ) b. service trade (服务贸易, 也叫无形贸易invisible trade) B. Investment (投资): a. foreign direct investment (FDI 外国直接投资) b. portfolio investment (证券投资) C. Other types (其他类型): a. licensing and franchi
2、sing (国际许可与特许经营) b. management contract and contract manufacturing (管理合同和承包生产)翻译练习:1.随着经济全球化的发展,无形贸易即使在发展中国家的国际贸易中所占的比例也逐渐增大With the development of economic globalization, invisible trade accounts for an increasing proportion of the world trade even in the developing countries2.BOT是 “交钥匙”工程的一种流行的变通形
3、式BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey projectLesson 2 Income Level and the World Market商务术语:GNP PPP ( purchasing power parity 购买力平价) Staple goods (大路货) creditor country ( 债权国) 考点:国民生产总值和国内生产总值 (GNP 和GDP)GNP: refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned
4、 by the residents of an economyGDP: refers to the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.Per capita income (人均收入): It is calculated by dividing its national income by its populationTriad and Quad (三方组合和四方组合): A. United States B. Western Europe C. Jap
5、an D. Canada翻译练习:1.国民生产总值和国内生产总值体现了一个国家的全部收入,在衡量国民收入方面可以互换使用。GNP and GDP indicate a countrys total income. They can be used interchangeably to measure the level of its national income.2.欧盟作为三方组合的一个分支，在使我们的市场多元化方面起着相当重要的作用EU, as one leg of Triad, plays an important role in the respect of diversifying
6、 our marketLesson 3 Regional Economic Integration商务术语: tariff rates(关税率) settlement (协议) cartel (卡特尔) free trade area NAFTA(North American Free Trade Agreement北美自由贸易协定) 考点:1.地区一体化的主要目标 (Major objectives of regional integration)To better enjoy the benefit of free flow of goods, services, capital, lab
7、or and other resources, at the same time possibly put up barriers to economic activities with non-members2.地区经济一体化的四个层次( Four levels of regional economic integration)A.Free trade area (自由贸易区)-经济一体化程度低,内部团结,但各成员对外采用各自的贸易政策B.Customs Union (关税同盟)-所有成员对外都实行相同的贸易政策C.Common market (共同市场)-共同的对外政策,生产要素也在各成员
8、国间流动D.Economic union( 经济联盟)-经济一体化程度最高, 共同的对外政策,生产要素也 . 在各成员国间流动, 统一协调各国在经济金融领域的 国内政策,统一货币 3. 掌握EU (欧洲联盟) , APEC(亚太经济合作组织). OPEC (石油输出国组织) 翻译练习:1.共同市场具有使商品, 服务,劳动力甚至资本,技术在各成员国之间自由流通的特点.The common market is characterized by the free flow of capital and technology besides goods, services and labor.2.欧盟
9、是一个机构齐全的实体,其历史可以追溯到1952年.The European Union is a full-fledged entity, whose history dates back to 1952.Lesson 4 Economic Globalization商务术语:Shareholders（股东）， board of directors（董事会）， parent company（母公司）， affiliate（子公司）， day-to-day running（日常管理）， multinational corporation（跨国公司）， home country（母公司所在国），
10、host country（东道国）考点：1经济全球化的基本特征和优劣势：ABasic feature：a. free flow of commodity，capital， technology，service and information b. optimized allocation of resources（资源优化配置）B. Advantages and negative impacts:Advantages: a. new impetus and opportunities to world economic development b. mutual benefits from e
11、conomic boomsNegative impacts: a. make countries more vulnerable to the adverse events across the global b. not balanced benefits3.跨国公司 (multinational corporations)A.organization-parent and affiliates (组织-母公司与子公司)B.features: a. enormous size b. wide geographical spread (广阔的地域分布) c. needs ,goals and
12、roles (需要, 目标和作用): profits, securityC. four types: a. multi-domestic corporation b. global corporation c. transnational corporation d. world company4.翻译:a.经济全球化使得各国经济更容易受到全球各地不利事件的伤害。Economic globalization is making the various economies more vulnerable to the adverse events across the globe.b.安全对任何
13、一个跨国企业而言都极为重要,因为没有安全,跨国企业组织的生存便无法保证。Security is extremely important to any MNE because without it, an MNEs survival can never be assured.Lesson 5-6 International Trade (1) (2)商务术语: services(劳务), primary commodities(初级产品), absolute advantage(绝对利益), comparative advantage(比较利益), quota(配额), customs unio
14、n(关税同盟), ad valorem duty(从价税), specific duties(从量税), drawback(退税), MFN(最惠国待遇), non-tariff barrier(非关税壁垒).考点:1.国际贸易的定义(definition):It refers to the exchange of goods and services produced in one country with those produced in another2.国际贸易的两个缘由( Two reasons for international trade)a.the uneven distribution of natural resources among countriesb.international specialization(国际专业化)3.国际专门化的两个理论(Two theories for international specialization)a.The theory of absolute advantage(绝对利益理论):a commodi
