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1、2022年考博英语-西南政法大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Whether their football team win is a matter of（ ）to me.问题1选项A.indifferenceB.discriminationC.deviationD.interests【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。A选项indifference“漠不关心”；B选项discrimination“歧视，区别”；C选项deviation“偏差，误差”；D选项interest“兴趣，爱好”。句意：他们的足球队是否能赢对我来说无关紧要。选项A符合语境。2. 单选题He has spent
2、all the money and made no（ ）for the future.问题1选项A.proverbB.provisionC.prospectD.province【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。A选项proverb“谚语，格言”；B选项 provision“规定，条款，供应品”；C选项prospect“前途，预期”；D选项province“领域，职权”。句意：他花光了所有的钱，没有为将来做准备。选项B符合句意。3. 翻译题Translate the following sentences into English第二条：专利法所称发明，是指对产品、方法或者其改进所提出的新的技术方案
3、。综上所述，原告认为：原告与被告天津天利食品有限公司签订的借款合同及抵押合同合法有效，理应全面、实际履行。从广义上来讲，中国司法体系的机构设置由三大部分组成：人民法院系统、人民检察院系统和公安机关系统。本协议经有关双方如期签署后生效，有效期为一年，从2010年2月1日至2011年1月31日。【答案】Article 2: The invention in patent law refers to the new technical solution put forward to products, methods and their improvement.As a whole, the acc
4、user believe that the contract for loan and mortgage contract, made by the accuser and the accused Tianjin Tianli Food Co. Ltd., are effective and should be fulfilled entirely and practically.In its broad sense, the structural establishment in Chinas judicial system consists of three main parts, nam
5、ely peoples court system, peoples procuratorate system and public security organ system.After being signed by both parties concerned as scheduled, the contract will become valid for one year from February 1, 2010 to January 31, 2011.4. 单选题The doctors are very much worried about the（ ）of the patients
6、 condition after operation.问题1选项A.deteriorationB.differentiationC.diversionD.donation【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。A选项deterioration“恶化”；B选项differentiation“变异”；C选项diversion“转移，消遣”；D选项donation“捐赠”。句意：医生们非常担心手术后病人的病情恶化。选项A符合句意。5. 单选题This new type of plant has a an（ ）, bulb-shaped stem, though not very delicious.问题1选项
7、A.ovalB.edibleC.reliableD.available【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项oval“椭圆的”；B选项edible“可食用的”；C选项reliable“可靠的”；D选项available“可获得的”。句意：这种新型的植物有一个可食用的，球状的茎，虽然不是很美味。根据句子的后半部分可知，选项B符合语境。6. 翻译题Put the following passages into Chinese:For the time being at least, contracts are alive and well. They testify to an important
8、 liberal principle, namely, that people can come together as strangers and voluntarily commit themselves to an agreement that takes the place of the law between them. The final contract, whether it is written or spoken, is not the only manner in which the law acknowledges voluntary actions that give
9、 rise to commitments a stranger may enforce. In the common law, such commitments may arise through conduct on which another person has a right to rely, of act in detrimental reliance (导致损失的信赖)The right of reliance may occur as a result not just of the making of a contract but also of the negotiation
10、 and conduct prior to a contract. In the process of negotiating a contract, the negotiators establish a relationship, and they come to expect certain behavior of their negotiating partners. This relationship is particularly important in the civil law.The nineteenth-century German legal philosopher R
11、udolf von Jhering and his followers have referred to this relationship as one of reciprocal (互惠的) trust. Trust breeds duties. And if you negligently breach the trust of another, you should pay compensation.With the emphasis on trust and reciprocity (互惠)，the contract is converted from a competitive i
12、nstitution determining who gets the best deal into a potentially cooperative enterprise. The idea behind Jherings emphasis on the contracting relationship is that duties arise, and they are not necessarily duties of performance. They might be duties of concern, of reciprocal attention to the interes
13、ts of the other, and to the success of the venture as a whole. In the common law world, these precontractual duties would be hard to ground because there would be no consideration to support them. They are, by definition, precontractual.【答案】至少在目前看来，契约仍有着很强的生命力。它们证实了一个重要的自由原则，即陌生可以走到一起并自愿地达成一份协议来替代他们
14、之间存在的法律。无论是书面还是口头的，最终契约不是法律认可自愿行为的唯一方式，自愿行为促生了人们可能执行的义务。在普通的法律中，这些义务可能通过另外一个人有权依赖的行为或让信赖损失行为而产生。信赖的权利可能不仅来契约的签订，而且还来自于契约签订前的协商和行为。在合同协商过程中，协议方建立了一种关系，且他们开始期望自己的协议伙伴们遵守某种行为。这种关系在民法中尤其重要。19世纪的德国法哲学家Rudolf von Jhering和他的拥护者们将这种关系称为一种互惠的信任。信任产生责任。如果你疏忽地违背了他人的信任，那么你就应该作出赔偿。由于强调信任与互惠，契约由决定谁是获得最大好处的竞争性制度转变
15、成了一种由潜在合作性的计划。Jhering对契约关系强调的背后观点是义务产生，且这些义务不是合约履行中的必要责任。总的来说，它们可能是关心、关注另一方利益及企业成功义务。在普通的法律中，由于没有约根支持，所以很难得到落实这些契约前义务。从定义上说，它们是契约前义务。7. 单选题Mr. Morton gradually（ ）the knowledge of the subject.问题1选项A.attainedB.requiredC.acquiredD.enquired【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。A选项attain“达到，实现”；B选项 require“要求”；C选项acquire“获得，学到”；D选项enquire“询问”。句意：Morton先生渐渐掌握了这门课程的知识。选项C更符合语境。8. 单选题The farmers received a （ ）from the government to grow his crop.问题1选项A.subsidyB.subsidiaryC.subordinateD.succes
