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1、2022年考博英语-桂林理工大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Directions: For this part, you are to translate a passage from Chinese into English.西安是我国黄河流域古代文明的重要发源地之一，与雅典、罗马、开罗并称为世界四大古都。西安古称长安，距今已有3000多年的历史。自西周时起一直到唐代，先后有12个王朝在这里建都，历经2000余年。汉、唐两代，更是西安的鼎盛时期。汉代的长安城相当于古罗马城的3倍，唐代的长安城则为汉长安城的2.4倍，人口多达百万以上。中华人民共和国成立后，西安一直是西北的政治
2、中心和陕西省省会所在地。【答案】Xian is one of the important cradles of ancient civilization in the Yellow River Valley of China, and is known as the four ancient capitals of the world together with Athens, Rome and Cairo. Xian, known as Changan in ancient times, has a history of more than 3,000 years. From the Wes
3、tern Zhou Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, 12 dynasties established their capitals here for more than 2,000 years. The Han and Tang dynasties were the heyday of Xian. The City of Changan in the Han Dynasty was three times the size of ancient Rome, and the city of Changan in the Tang Dynasty was 2.4 time
4、s that of Han Changan, with a population of more than one million. Since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, Xian has been the political center of northwest China and the capital of Shanxi Province.2. 单选题We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath
5、emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other more causes.Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition.Bad breath can happen whenever the normal fl
6、ow of saliva (唾液) slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide (硫化物).Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, fo
7、r example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.Alcohol hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though its not understood why. Som
8、e peoples breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristica
9、lly sweet breath.For most of us, the simple, dry mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or j
10、uice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria. Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to k
11、ill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they dont necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (黏液). If the mouthwash contains alcoholas most doit can intensify the problem by drying out the mouth.6. The phras
12、e “emanate from” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_”.7. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?8. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because_.9. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because_.10. We ca
13、n infer from this passage that_.问题1选项A.thrive onB.account forC.originate fromD.descend from问题2选项A.Tooth trouble.B.Sulfur rich food.C.Too much exercise.D.Mental strain.问题3选项A.it keeps offending bacteria from reproducingB.its smell adds to bad breathC.it kills some helpful bacteriaD.it affects the nor
14、mal flow of saliva问题4选项A.they cant mask the bad odor long enoughB.they cant get to all the offending bacteriaC.their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worseD.they cant cover the thick layers of mucus问题5选项A.offensive breath cant easily be curedB.elderly people are less offended by bad b
15、reathC.heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breathD.offensive breath is less affected by alcohol【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】6.词汇推断题。第一步，练习句中前后信息衔接，emanate from这个词前后连接的是口气和嘴里的细菌，从这里推测，是因为嘴里的细菌所以才导致了口气，但是这句话中口气在前细菌在后，选项代入文意中便可排除A选项“在成长”、B选项“导致；解释”；C、D选项虽然在中文中同义，但是descend from表示从先辈那里遗传或者继承过来的，不符合原文语境，所以不选D选项“起源于”；所以答案C选项“发源于”正确。7.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第五段第一二句Alcohol hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though its not understood why“酗酒，说话太多，运动时用嘴呼吸任何使口腔干燥的事物都会产生口臭。压力也是如
