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1、-宾语从句Object Clause定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句. 时态： 1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去*个时态。 3.主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。一、 宾语从句的连接词 1、附属连词连接宾语从句的附属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示是否的宾语从句. He told me that he would go to the college the ne*t year 他告诉我他下一年上大学
2、. I dont know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the e*am. 没人知道他是否会通过考试. 2、连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗
3、I dont know whom you should depend on. 我不知道你该依靠谁. The book will show you what the best CEOs know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的了吗 3、连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didnt tell me when we
4、should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you read the new panel 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗 None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 二、 动词的宾语从句1、大多数动词都可以带宾语从句 We all e*pect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强
5、壮. He told us that they would help us though the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮助的. 局部动词+副词构造也可以带宾语从句 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗 2、动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有: make sure确保
6、 make up ones mind下决心 keep in mind牢记 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误. 3、可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
7、 I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾. I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯. We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要. 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it 这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to. I hate i
8、t when they with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话. He will have it that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的方案确实可行. We take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的. When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral. 开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置. 假设宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替 We all
9、 consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的. We discovered what we had learned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的. 三、介词的宾语从句1、用wh-类的介词宾语从句 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在讨论是否让学生参加我们的俱乐部. The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent u
10、p into space. 这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的. 2、用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候e*cept,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句 I know nothing about my new neighbor e*cept that he used to work with a pany. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知. 四、 形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I
11、 am sure I will pass the e*am. 我确信我会通过考试. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打搅你. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 他很快乐在他生病的时候明能去看望他. 五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别 if和whether在作是否解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doub
12、t后的宾语从句常用whether. whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以. 在不定式前只能用whether. 如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。防止歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if. 六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that 1、当宾语从句共有两个并列的从句：一省二不省 I realized (that)Im in charge and that everybody accepts my leadership. 2、it作形式宾语时,that引导的宾语从句中的that不能省略. Wethoughtitstrangetha
13、t*iaoWangdidnoteyesterday.3、that引导的宾语从句放在e*cept,but等介词后面的时候,that不能省略.Heisagoodstudente*ceptthatheisalittlecareless. 4、宾语从句有状语从句I am talking about that whether he will call us as soon as he arrives here.七、宾语从句的否认转移 1、主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般
14、现在时,从句的否认词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致. I dont think he will e to my party.而不能说成I think he wont e to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会. I dont believe that man is killed by Jim,is he 我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是 2、如果宾语从句中有*个含有否认意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he 我们发现他从来不仔
15、细听教师讲课,是不是 八、宾语从句的时态和语序 1、当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响. 2、当主句为过去时从句用一般过去时或过去进展时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生 I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didnt know what country he was in. 我只知道他当时在西方的一个读书,可不知道是哪个. He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in. 他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读.
