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1、word“情态动词+have done表推测一览表情态动词+ have done用法例句must have done一定已经做了They must have finished their work.cant have done不可能已经做了They cant have finished their workcould have done可能已经做了或本来可能做但未做You could have used my puter because I didnt use it.may have done也许已经做了They may have finished their work.might have
2、done也许已经做了或本来可以做但未做You mighthave used my puter because I didnt use it.Should/ought to have done本来该做但未做You Should have studied hard.need not have done本来不必做但做了You need not have gone out.would rather have done过去宁愿做但未做I would rather not have gone there.would like to have done过去想做但未做I would like to have
3、seen the film.had better have done当时最好做了某事Yout better have gone there.“情态动词+be doing表推测一览表情态动词+ be doing用法例句must be doing一定正在做They must be watching TV now.cant be doing不可能正在做They cant be watching TV now.May/might be doing也许正在做They may be watching TV now.口诀：“情动加上have done,推测事情已经干；“情动加上be doing,推测事情在进
4、展；条件状语从句中的虚拟语气：条件句分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种，真实条件句用述语气，虚拟条件句用虚拟语气。虚拟条件句是虚拟语气的重点虚拟条件句关键是要熟练掌握以下三大公式：三个相反从句主句与现在事实相反If sb did/wereSb would/should/could/might do与过去事实相反If sb had doneSb would/should/could/might have done/have been与将来事实相反If sb did/wereIf sb were to doIf sb should doSb would/should/could/might do1、宾
5、语从句中的虚拟语气：有三种情况。一是在动词insist(坚持)，order命令，mand(命令)，suggest建议，advise建议。Remend建议，推荐，require要求,request请求，demand要求，desire要求，愿望，等动词后面的宾语从句中一般用虚拟语气，其结构为“主语+should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。把以上10个动词简称为：一个“坚持，两个“命令，三个“建议，四个“要求。二是动词wish之后接宾语从句一定要用虚拟语气。从句的时态是：1、与过去事实相反用had done/had been,2、与现在事实相反用did或were,3、与将来事实相反用“wo
6、uld/might/could/should+动词原形。注意：wish在简单句中并非表示的是虚拟语气，如：wish you success.祝你成功。三是在would rather的宾语从句中，也要使用虚拟语气，其从句中谓语动词的时态用一般过去时。如：I would rather you didnt hear what I said. 我宁愿你没有听到我说的话。2、主语从句中的虚拟语气少数“it is+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形，其中should同样可以省略。常见形容词有：important,necessary,strange,unusual,curious,remarka
7、ble,surprising,desirable,natural等。3、定语从句中的虚拟语气“it is(high/about) time that+主语+动词的过去式，或者是“should+动词原形。Time是先行词，that是引导词，其意思是“早该做什么事了如：1、It is high time that you went to school.=it is high time that you should go to school.你该上学了。2、It is about time that you picked up your daughter at school.= It is abo
8、ut time that you should pick up your daughter at school.你该去学校接你女儿了。熟练掌握强调句型：句型结构是：it is/was+被强调局部+that/who+句子原有局部。在强调句型中，强调人时，一般用who,也可用that,但强调时间，地点等时只能用that,不能用when,where等。1、 强调主语2、 强调地点状语3、 强调时间状语4、 强调宾语。not until的三大句型：例：妈妈回家之后我才睡觉。正常 I did not go to bed until my mother e back home.强调 It was not
9、until my mother came back home that I went to bed.倒装 Not until my mother came back home did I go to bed.怎样识别not until是强调句还是倒装句呢？很简单，如果否认词not在句首，就是倒装句，如果it在句首，就是强调句。it的10大句型1、It was for the first time that I wrote to a foreign pen friend.这确实是我第一次给一个外国笔友写信。这是强调句型。复原为：I wrote to a foreign pen friend fo
10、r the first time.2、It is the first time that I have written to a foreign pen friend. 这是我第一次给一个外国笔友写信这是定语从句，that之后的时态要用现在完成时态。3、It was eight when the class began.8点钟开始上课。这是时间状语从句，强调句型：It was at eight that the class began.4、It is possible that I will enter this key university.我上这所重点大学是可能的。这是主语从句。It是形式
11、主语。that I will enter this key university是真正主语。复原成：That I will enter this key university is possible.5、It is/has been three years since he got married.他结婚成家已经三年了。It is/has been some time since sb did(短暂性动词)sth.意为“自从某人干某事已经有多长时间例如：It is/has been three years since he worked here.他不在这儿工作已经三年了。6、It will
12、be one year before she finishes middle school.再有一年时间她就中学毕业了。It is/was/ will be some time before意为“过多长时间后再干什么。7、It is high time we went to school.我们上学的时间到了。这时定语从句，在It ishightime that句型中，that之后谓语动词的时态要用一般过去时或“should+动词原形，属于虚拟语气。8、It is said that a new factory will be built nearby my hometown.据说一家新工厂将见
13、在我家乡附近。这时主语从句。it is+过去分词+that.。类似的句型还有：It is reported that/ It is known that/ It is thought that/ It is suggested that/ It is believed that/ It is hoped that等。9、It looks as if it is going to snow.看起来要下雪了。这时表语从句，类似的句型还有：It seems to sb that/ It (so)happened that/ It appears to sb that(=as if)等。10、It i
14、s necessary that we should master a foreign language.我们掌握一门外语是必需的。这是主语从句，在“It is+少数形容词+that sb should do 这种句型中，it同样是形式主语，that之后从句的谓语动词是“should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。这样的形容词有necessary/important/unusual/strange/natural等。情态动词+have done表推测一、must have done一定已经做了。They must have finished their work.他们一定做了他们的工作。
15、二、1、Can have done.可能已经做了。2、Cant have done.不可能已经做了。They can have finished /homework so quickly.他们可能很快完成他们的工作。They cann have finished /homework so quickly.他们不可能很快完成他们的工作。They can have gone to bed /since /the door is closed.门关着，他们可能已经睡着了。 完成时态+since三、1、Could have done.可能已经做过。对过去事情的推测2、Couldnt have done. 不可能已经做过。You could have used my puter because I didnt use it.你可能使用过我的游戏机。因为我不能使用它。you couldnt have used my puter.你不可能使用过我的游戏机。3、
