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1、2022年考博英语-四川师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题He complied with the requirement that all graduate students in education _ a thesis.问题1选项A.writeB.writingC.to writeD.be writing【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。与动词require的宾语从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气一样，名词requirement的同位语从句或表语从句的谓语动词也需用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略。句意：他遵守了所有教育学研究生都要写毕业论文的要求。因此A选项正
2、确。2. 单选题There is an old saying that you can never _ unless you give your consent.问题1选项A.be insultedB.insultC.insultingD.to insult【答案】A【解析】考查被动语态。该句同位语从句中的主语“you”是动作“insult”的承受者，因此应用被动语态，又谓语动词是情态动词，被动形式应为“情态动词+be done”。句意：有句老话说，除非你同意，否则你永远不会被侮辱。因此A选项正确。3. 单选题She spoke so _ at the conference, as thoug
3、h the said issue was of little importance.问题1选项A.seriouslyB.casuallyC.stubbornlyD.comically【答案】B【解析】考查副词解析。A选项seriously“认真地；严重地，严肃地”；B选项casually“随便地；偶然地；临时地”；C选项stubbornly“倔强地；顽固地；顽强地；固执地”；D选项comically“滑稽地；诙谐地”。句意：她在会议上讲话那么随便，好像那个问题不重要似的。因此B选项正确。4. 翻译题这些读者既“温故”，读文史，了解过去；又“知新”，爱科学、展望未来。他们愿意从各种各样的书籍中探
4、索找寻生活的乐趣、人生的乐趣、思维的乐趣和智慧的乐趣。他们看市井风俗、社会百态，看多彩人生和丰富感情。他们生活在现在，同时也生活在过去和未来，他们最大限度地体会读书带来的追求智慧的乐趣。正如王小波说的：“智慧本身就是好的。有一天我们都会死去，追求智慧的道路还会有人在走着。死掉以后的事我看不到，但在我活着的时候，想到这件事，心里就高兴。”【答案】These readers read history to know the past and science to look into the future. They like to explore life, ways of thinking an
5、d wisdom from their reading. They see customs and colorful society and peoples emotions. They lead a life of the past and the future as well as the present. They enjoy reading to the maximum in which they become wise. As Wang Xiaobo puts it, Wisdom is itself beautiful. We will die some day and other
6、s will march on to search it. I cannot see the things in the other world, but I feel happy in this world whenever I think of it in my life.5. 单选题If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very _.问题1选项A.waxyB.slipperyC.stickyD.greasy【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项waxy“蜡制的；像蜡的，质地光滑的，柔软的；蜡色的，苍白的；（非正
7、式）生气的”；B选项slippery“滑的；狡猾的；不稳定的”；C选项sticky“黏的；黏性的”；D选项greasy“油腻的；含脂肪多的；谄媚的”。句意：如果你在车底下修理汽车，你通常会弄得满身油污。因此D选项正确。6. 单选题Mary has brown hair. In fact, its quite similar in shape_ yours.问题1选项A.withB.toC.likeD.as【答案】B【解析】考查介词辨析。similar后面要求跟to，表示“和差不多”。与with连用，可以是the same case with.，表示“的情况也如此”。like作介词，表示“像一样
8、”。same后面跟as，组成the same.as，表示“和一样”。句意：玛丽有棕色的头发。事实上，和你的很相似。因此B选项正确。7. 单选题Mountain biking demands hill-walking strength as well as track riding skills. Initially, choose gentle routes among familiar terrainor risk _ shoulder-carriers!问题1选项A.long-termB.elongatedC.prolongedD.lengthened【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项
9、long-term用于指“（从现在到将来持续的）很长一段时间”或者“与将来发生的事件有联系”，如：long-term plan。其他3个选项的共同点都是“把拉长”，但B项elongated仅指在空间上拉长，如：The nose is too much elongated. D选项lengthened可以指空间也可以指时间，如：The road could be lengthened.和He lengthened his stay in Beijing.但C项prolonged与elongated和lengthened不同的是，它指“持续到超过正常的时间限度”或“延长正常的时间限度”。句意：山地
10、自行车不仅需要在赛道上骑行的技巧，还需要在山路上行走的力量。首先，要在熟悉的范围内选择比较平缓的路线，否则有可能长时间地用肩扎着自行车。shoulder-carriers在这里指“（骑车人成了）扛车的人”。C选项恰好符合本句的意思，因为，在骑车爬山运动中，有时扛车是难免的，但如果选择路线正确，扛车的时间就不会太长，反之，扛车的时间就会延长。因此C选项正确。8. 单选题All the rows, all the ethical problems and all the money spent in pursuing the human code for life will have been w
11、ell worth it if it fulfils even some of its medical promise.The potential prizes certainly glitter. In the far future, it may be possible to prevent genetic diseases from being inherited by cutting them out of the gene pool once and for all, so-called gene engineering. At the nearer end of the time
12、scale, genetic tests are allowing people to choose suitable therapies and life styles to beat disease. And in between, lie further tantalizing prospects: thousands of new drugs for previously untreatable diseases; drugs tailored to individuals, so with far fewer side effects, the ability to replace
13、faulty genes, short-circuiting diseases at source.But the work of turning the base pair data into the gold of new treatments has already begun, according to Dr. Francis Collins, head of the US National Human Genome Research institute. I keep a tally of the genes that are responsible for human diseas
14、es that are identified over the course of year. In a good year, in times gone by, there might have been two or three. Last year, there have been 29 discovered.Private companies have also combed the data to find genes that play roles in diabetes, asthma, psoriasis and migraines. The most extreme sugg
15、ested use for the human genome data is editing the DNA inheritance passed down from one generation to the next. Such a scenario involves identifying an abnormal gene and then correcting it in the cells which are used to pass genetic information to offspring. No subsequent generation would then be affected by their ancestors gene defect. However, such irreversible intervention generation would then be affected by their ancestors gene defect. However, such irreversible interven
