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1、2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Taking photographs is strictly（ ）here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.问题1选项A.forbiddenB.rejectedC.excludeD.denied【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。forbidden“严禁的”；rejected“拒绝的”；exclude“排除”；denied“否定”。由后半句内容“拍照会损害珍贵的洞穴壁画”可推知“拍照是被严格禁止的”符合题意。故A项最符合题意。句意：这里严禁拍照，因为这可能
2、会损坏珍贵的洞穴壁画。2. 翻译题随着人民生活水平和消费水平的提高，中国的垃圾问题日益严峻，很多城市被垃圾包围。面对日益增长的垃圾产量和环境状况的恶化，中国政府正在努力推行垃极分类(garbage classification)的政策。垃圾分类是指将垃圾分为可回收利用和不可回收利用两类，要求人们将垃圾投放至不同的垃圾桶(trash can)，通过不同的清理、运输和回收方式，使之变成新的资源。【答案】With the improvement of peoples living standards and the increase of consumption level, the garbage
3、 problem in China becomes increasingly urgent. Many cities are surrounded by garbage. Confronted with the growing garbage output and deteriorating environment, the Chinese government is implementing the policy of garbage classification with great effort. Garbage classification means dividing garbage
4、 into recyclable and unrecyclable, and requires people to put garbage into different trash cans so that it can become new resources through different ways of cleaning, transporting and recycling.3. 单选题They asked us to come to their party but we（ ）the invitation.问题1选项A.rejectedB.refusedC.declinedD.sp
5、urn【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。reject“拒绝，指断然拒绝接受某人，某物”；refuse“拒绝，回绝”；decline“拒绝，通常指有礼貌地婉拒”；spurn“藐视，唾弃”。句意：他们邀请我们去参加他们的聚会，但是我们婉拒了。由题干语境可知拒绝参加聚会应该是婉言拒绝。故C项正确。4. 单选题Billie Holidays reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability（ ）emotional depth to her songs.问题1选项A.be givingB.are givenC.to giveD.bei
6、ng given【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。have ability to do sth有能力做某事。句意：比利霍乐迪，作为一位伟大的爵士布鲁斯歌手，她的盛名在于能将感情融入到歌曲中。故C项正确。5. 单选题The old king（ ）. They are making a new king.问题1选项A.was believed to be killedB.is believed being killedC.is believed having been killedD.is believed to have been killed【答案】D【解析】考查语法。由第二句“他们正在选举一位
7、新国王”可知，之前的国王被认为已经杀害了，故用现在完成时的被动，再结合be believed to “被认为”可知D项正确。句意：他们认为之前的国王已经被杀害了，他们正在选举一位新国王。6. 单选题Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy and stagnation, too much conflict leads to divisiveness and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict,
8、 however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sam
9、ple of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit or
10、ganizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and
11、 usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. Th
12、e executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse const
13、ituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.1.In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is（ ）.2.Professor Charles R. Schwenks research shows（ ）.3.We can learn from Schwenks research that（ ）.4.The passage suggests that in for-profit org
14、anizations（ ）.5.People working in a not-for-profit organization（ ）.问题1选项A.wrongB.oversimplifiedC.misleadingD.unclear问题2选项A.the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB.the real value of conflictC.the difficult in determining the optimal level of conflictD.the complexity of defining the roles of con
15、flict问题3选项A.a persons view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB.conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC.different people resolve conflicts in different waysD.it is impossible for people to avoid conflict问题4选项A.there is no end of conflictB.expression of different opinions is encouragedC.decisions must be justifiableD.success lies in general agreement问题5选项A.seem to be difficult to satisfyB.are free to express diverse
