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1、一英汉翻译理论与实践课程之教案目录第1讲 “翻译”溯源第2讲 翻译的本质第3讲 翻译的标准第4讲 翻译面面观 第5讲 翻译必有“失” / 失于此而得于彼 （两讲合并）第6讲 翻译与联想第7讲 翻译与语法第8讲 翻译与语体 第9讲 翻译与语篇第10讲 英汉十大差异第11讲 形合与意合 第12讲 代词的困惑第13讲 Connotation的翻译 第14讲 翻译与词典第15讲 以“模糊”求精确 第16讲 落笔知轻重 译文讲分寸第17讲 翻译最难是口吻 第18讲 翻译与形象思维第19讲 翻译与灵感思维 第20讲 英语修辞的翻译（包括连接三讲）第21讲 翻译中的文化冲击 第22讲 思维是语言的脊梁 （两
2、讲合并）第23讲 翻译美学之思考（两讲合并）二汉英翻译理论与实践课程之教案目录第1讲 汉译英呼唤文字功力第2讲 语篇与翻译第3讲： 英汉语美感比读（两讲合并）第4讲： 理性概译：翻译之坦途 第5讲：英语句式的亮点：非人称主语句 （两讲合并）第6讲：汉译英有用的句型（两讲合并）第7讲：类析汉译英常见拙译（三讲合并）第8讲：从 “湖光山色”的英译说开去（两讲合并）第9讲：Denotation和Connotation（两讲合并）第10讲：翻译，你的本质是什么？第11讲：归化与异化-汉语习语的英译一英汉翻译理论与实践课程之练习第1讲 “翻译”溯源试将下列文字译成汉语： 1/ Translation c
3、onsists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Eugene A. Nida & Charles R. Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation, 1969) 2/ Translation may be defined as follows: The replacement
4、 of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL) 3/ A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original. A translation should have a
5、ll the ease of the original composition. (A. F. Tytler: Essay on the Principles of Translation. 1791)参考译文 1/ 所谓翻译，是在译语中用最切近的自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先是意义，其次是文体。 2/ 翻译可作如下界定：用一种语言（目的语）的文本材料对等地再现另一种语言（出发语）的文本材料。 3/ 译文应完全复写出原作的思想。译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同。译文应和原作同样流畅。第2讲 翻译的本质将下列段落译成汉语：1/ Some professional translation ta
6、ke considerable pride in denying that they have any theory of translation-they just translate. In reality, however, all person engaged in the complex task of translating posses some type of underlying or covert theory, even though it may be still very embryonic and described only as just being “fait
7、hful to what the author was trying to say.”（ Nida ） 2/ It is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. Common sense tells us that this ought to be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. On the
8、other hand, you may see it as complicated, artificial and fraudulent, since by using another language you are pretending to be someone you are not. The translation cannot simply reproduce, or be, the original. And since this is so, the first business of the translator is to translate. (Peter Newmark
9、) 参考译文： 1/ 一些职业翻译工作者相当得意地称他们没有翻译理论他们只顾埋头翻译。然而，事实上，所有从事翻译这项复杂工作的人都具有或隐或掩的理论，尽管这种理论尚处在萌芽状态，或者被轻描淡写地说成“忠实于作者想要说的”。（奈达）2/ 翻译，就是像原作者把思想变成文字那样，把一个文本的意思译成另一种语言。常识告诉我们翻译应该是简单的，就如一个人能够用一种语言自如表达，也能够用另一种语言自如表达一样。但从另一方面来说，你也许会觉得翻译是复杂的、做作的以及虚假的，因为在使用另一种语言的时候，你实际上在扮演一个非你的角色。翻译不可能是简单的复制，或者，也不可能是如出一辙的原本。既然如此，译者的第一任
10、务就是翻译。(纽马克)第3讲 翻译的标准请将下列段落译成汉语： Translation is first a science, which entails the knowledge and verification of the facts and the language that describe them here, what is wrong, mistakes of truth, can be identified; Secondly, it is a skill, which calls for appropriate language and acceptable usage;
11、 Thirdly, an art, which distinguishes good from undistinguished writing and is the creative, the intuitive, sometimes the inspired, level of the translation; Lastly, a matter of taste, where argument ceases, preference are expressed, and the variety of meritorious translation is the reflection of in
12、dividual differences. (Peter Newmark) 参考译文： 首先，翻译是一门科学，它需要对事实的认知、核查，需要懂得描述这些事实的语言 - 错误的内容，错误的事实，应该得以鉴别。 第二，翻译是一种技巧，它需要恰当的语言和约定俗成的用法。 第三，翻译是一门艺术，它识优辨劣，是一种创造性的、凭直觉的，有时是闪烁灵感的翻译。最后，翻译是一种风格，它弥合了分歧，显示了个人的偏爱，形形色色精彩纷呈的译文折射了译者的特点。（纽马克）第4讲 翻译面面观 试将下列句子译成汉语：1/ No hand can make the clock strike for me the hours
13、 that we are passed.2/ It is very difficult to know people and I dont think one can ever really know any but ones own countrymen. 3/ They never fail who die in a great cause.4/ A lie can be halfway round the world before the truth has got its boots on.5/ So swift was the advance that the German did
14、not have time to destroy the harbor facilities at Antwerp.6/ The record was considered soft since it was set last May.7/ Work is the grand cure of all the maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind. 8/ Then she saw her husband and two middle-aged men who looked like brokers siting at a table in t
15、he corner. 9/ We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write.10/ Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.11/ As the police put it, anything you say may be used as evidence against you. If handwriting reveals character, writing reveals it still more.12/ Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably.参考译文：1/ 光阴如流水，一去不复返。2/了解人不是
