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1、2022年考博英语-西南大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题It is necessary that he（ ）the assignment without delay.问题1选项A.hand inB.hands inC.must hand inD.has to hand in【答案】A【解析】考察it is necessary + that固定句型的用法。固定句型：It is necessary + that （should）be+其他成分，选项A符合题意。2. 单选题When I asked if a black politician could win in Fran
2、ce, however, he responded （ ）.“No conditions here are different.”问题1选项A.ambiguouslyB.implicitlyC.unhesitatinglyD.optimistically【答案】C【解析】考察副词词义辨析。ambiguously “含糊不清地”；implicitly “含蓄地，暗中地”；unhesitatingly “不踌躇地，迅速地”；optimistically “乐观地”。句意：然而，当我问一位黑人政治家能否在法国获胜时，他毫无犹豫地回答说： “这里的情况没有什么不同”。选项C符合题意。3. 单选题The
3、se were stubborn men, not easily （ ）to change their mind.问题1选项A.tiltedB.convertedC.persuadedD.suppressed【答案】C【解析】考察形容词和动词的过去分词辨析。Tiltled “倾斜的”；converted “修改的，改变的”；persuaded “说服，劝说”；suppressed “抑制的”。句意：他们很固执，不容易被说服改变注意。选项C符合题意。4. 单选题They are （ ）investors who always make thorough investigations both o
4、n local and international markets before making an investment.问题1选项A.indecisiveB.implicitC.cautiousD.conscious【答案】C【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。indecisive “犹豫不决的”；implicit“含蓄的；暗示的”；C. cautious “谨慎的”；conscious “意识到的”。句意：他们是谨慎的投资者，在做出每笔投资前，总是要对当地和国际市场进行调研。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题The mechanic jacked up the car and then （ ）to c
5、hange the tire.问题1选项A.advancedB.wentC.proceededD.moved【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析。advance “前进，进步”；go “去”；proceed “开始，继续进行”；move “移动”。句意：这位机修工用千斤顶顶起汽车，然后换轮胎。选项C符合题意。6. 单选题Bacteria are extremely small living things. While we measure our own sizes in inches or centimeters, bacterial size is measured in microns.
6、One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter: a pinhead is about a millimeter across. Rod-shaped bacteria are usually from two to four microns long, while rounded ones are generally one micron in diameter. Thus, if you enlarged a rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would be just about the size of a
7、 pinhead. An adult human magnified by the same amount would be over a mile (1.6 kilometers) tall.Even with an ordinal microscopy, you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one finds that bacteria are barely visible as tiny rods or dots. One cannot make out anything o
8、f their structure. Using special stains, one can see that some bacteria have attached to them wavy-looking hairs called flagella. Others have only one flagellum. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Many bacteria lack flagella and cannot move about by their own power, while o
9、thers can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanismFrom the bacterial point of view, the world is a very different place from what it is to humans. To a bacterium, water is as thick as molasses is to us. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemi
10、cal molecules around themBacteria under the microscope, even those with no flagella, often bounce about in the water. This is because they collide with the water molecules and are pushed this way and that. Molecules move so rapidly that within a tenth of a second the molecules around a bacterium hav
11、e all been replaced by new ones; even bacteria without flagella are thus constantly exposed to a changing environment.1.Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?2.Bacteria are measured in （ ）.3.Which of the following is the smallest?4.According to the passage, someone who examines bac
12、teria using only a microscope that magnifies 100 times would see（ ）.5.The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most nearly analogous to which of the following?问题1选项A.The characteristics of bacteriaB.How bacteria reproduceC.The various functions of bacteriaD.How bacteria contribute to
13、 disease问题2选项A.InchesB.CentimetersC.MicronsD.millimeters问题3选项A.A pinheadB.A rounded bacteriumC.A microscopeD.A rod-shaped bacterium问题4选项A.tiny dotsB.small hairs”C.large rodsD.detailed structures问题5选项A.A rider jumping on a horses backB.A ball being hit by a batC.A boat powered by a motorD.A door clos
14、ed by a gust of wind.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.文章主要介绍了细菌“小”的这个特点 （Bacteria are extremely small living things）。选项A符合题意。2.文章第一段第二句While we measure our own sizes in inches or centimeters, bacterial size is measured in microns提到细菌是用microns “微米”来测量的。选项C符合题意。3.文章第一段提到一个针头大约1000微米，杆状细菌（rod-shaped
15、bacterium） 大概是2-4微米，球状细菌（rounded bacterium）直径是一微米。选项B符合题意。4.文章第二段第一句Even with an ordinal microscopy, you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one finds that bacteria are barely visible as tiny rods or dots提到一颗细菌在显微镜下几乎都是极细的现状或者微小的点。选项A符合题意。5.文章最后一段作者对鞭毛和细菌的关系进行了描述：一颗颗细菌附着在鞭毛上，只有鞭毛旋转了，细菌才能跟着在水中运动。这样的关系跟马与骑手的关系很像。选项A符合题意。7. 翻译题赢家不会让他们的生命局限在自己“理当”成为何种人
