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1、语法专题：动词时态现在的时态 现在的时态包括：一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时一般现在时：考点1：表示现在经常发生的动作、习惯性的动作，用于陈述说明情况，对比过去等。特别提示：常与表示习惯的的副词及副词短语always, every day, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等连用Every day I go to work on foot. She doesnt often write to her family, only once a month.- Can I help you,
2、 sir? - Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it doesnt work.考点2：描述主语的状态，性质，特征，能力等，用于“描述现阶段的动作或状态”。特别提示：以here, there开头，尽管说明正在发生的动作，谓语仍然用一般现在时。Her sister is busy at the moment. Here comes the bus.考点3：表示真理和客观事实或用于新闻标题、说明解说中。The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun once a year.考点4：在时
3、间、条件、让步等状语从句中，表示将来要发生的动作或状态。即：主将从现特别提示：when, if等连词不引导状语从句而引导其他从句时，时态正常。If it rains tomorrow, I shall stay at home. I dont know if/when he will come.考点5：在时刻表(节目单等)中，表示将要发生的动作或状态。只限于go, come, return, arrive/reach/get; leave; start/begin/end/ finish; take off The concert begins at 7:30 and ends at 9:30
4、.现在进行时：考点1：表示现在正在进行的动作或表示现阶段正在发生的动作（但说话时不一定正在进行）。It is raining heavily outside. I dont really work here; Im just helping out until the new secretary comes.考点2：表示将来的动作表示在最近按计划或安排将要发生的动作。注意：此用法只限于一些动词(come/go, leave/arrive, begin/start, stay/visit等)且一般跟时间状语。They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.考点
5、3：与always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示说话人的某种感情色彩(抱怨、责备、称赞等)。 He is always thinking more of others than of himself.One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.考点4：非延续动词（如：die; stop; start; finish; approach ）用于现在进行时，表示“很快就要；濒于” 表示感觉，愿望和状态的某些动词或短语（have, hear, see, like, contain, b
6、elong to, have on, understand, know）不用于进行时。The old man is dying.考点5：状态动词转义或表示暂时性。有些表示存在(exist)、所有(belong to)、心理状态或思维(understand, know, remember, seem, )、情感(like)、愿望(wish, hope)、相信(believe)、找到(find)的动词没有进行时。但是，状态动词转义（静态词义变为动态词义），或表示暂时性也会用进行时。I still remember the days when I lived in that quiet villag
7、e.The children are being noisy again in the next room. I will ask them to be quiet. Bill is seeing Mary home after the party. (为送行)现在完成时：现在完成时属于现在的时态，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或与现在有联系，不能与明确过去时间状语连用。考点1：已完成用法：表示动作到说话时刻已经完成。这种已完成的动作与现在有联系：表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果。表示总结或说明表示经历或经验。常用的标志词：just, recently/lately, so far/up
8、to now/till now, already, ever, never, yet, before等。I cant open the door. I have lost the key. We have set up many new factories in this area.考点2：未完成用法：表示从过去某时刻开始持续到现在的动作或情况，这种动作或情况有可能会继续下去。此时谓语常是延续性动词，并常带有for(+时间段)或since(+时间点)等状语或so far, up to now, till now, in the past/last few years等标志性时间状语。How l
9、ong have you been in Beijing? -I have been in Beijing for four years. He has lived here since 1980.考点3：在时间、条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作。表示从句中（将来的）动作先于主句动作发生和完成。I will give my opinion after I have read through the book.考点4：常与序数词和最高级连用（后面的定语从句用现在完成时）固定句型：It/This/That is the first time that从句（从句中用现在完成时）This is
10、 the most interesting book that I have ever read. It is the second time that you have been here.现在完成进行时:考点1：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续至今，很可能讲继续延续下去。强调动作的持续不停、反复性和决心。 I have been waiting for you since eight oclock in the morning.All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.考点2：表示某一动作从
11、过去开始，一直持续到说话时刚刚结束。着眼对现在的结果和影响。My clothes are all wet. Ive been working in the rain.Dad looks very tired. He has been working in the garden all day.现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别1. Someone has been phoning you. 2. Someone has phoned you.3. Ive been reading the novel. 4. Ive read the novel.5. Whos been eating my ap
12、ples? 6. Whos eaten my apples?7. Have you been meeting her lately?归纳：1. 现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，但现在完成时不表示动作重复。 2. 现在完成进行时强调动作持续不停，而现在完成时则强调动作的完成。 3. 现在完成进行时有时带有感情色彩，而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。提示：在实际做题时，如果现在完成进行时和现在完成时二者同时出现，大多情况下答案是现在完成进行时，命题人主语考查现在完成进行时强调动作的持续不停，反复性和决心等，句中常有延续时间状语all day, the whole morning, for years等
13、。考点3：有些延续性动词，如：live, teach, work, study, learn, stay等的现在完成时与现在完成进行时差别不大I have lived here for 10 years. =I have been living here for 10 years.即学即练： 一、单项选择：1. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn2. I _ all the coo
14、king for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done3. - Im not finished with my dinner yet. - But our friends _ for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting4. Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved5. - When shall we restart our business? - Not until we _ our plan. A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished6. - Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return
