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1、2022年考博英语-福建师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Difficult market conditions were（ ）when Korean tanners entered the UK and New Zealand raw material markets, driving up prices.问题1选项A.relievedB.changedC.deterioratedD.solved【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。relieve意为“减轻，缓和”；change意为“改变”；deteriorate意为“变坏恶化”；solve意为“解决”。句意：当韩国制革工人进入
2、英国和新西兰的原材料市场，抬高了价格，困难的市场条件恶化了。2. 单选题Since the two parties couldnt（ ）their differences, they decided to stop their negotiations.问题1选项A.rectifyB.reconcileC.obligeD.obscure【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。rectify意为“改正，校正”；reconcile意为“使和好，使和解，妥协”；oblige意为“强制，强迫”；obscure意为“费解的，难以理解的”。句意：因为两党不能就分歧达成一致，他们决定停止谈判。3. 单选题About
3、 one-third of the adult homeless are（ ）mentally ill, and about half are alcoholic or abuse drugs.问题1选项A.chronicallyB.sparselyC.adequatelyD.individually【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。chronically意为“慢性地，习惯性地，长期地”；sparsely意为“稀疏地，节省地”；adequately意为“足够地”；individually意为“分别地，单独地”。句意：大约三分之一的无家可归的人患有慢性精神病，而且大约有一半是酗酒或吸毒的。4. 单
4、选题The medical students studied the （ ）of the human body.问题1选项A.frameworkB.outlineC.skeletonD.segment【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。framework意为“ 构架，框架”；outline意为“梗概，大纲，提纲”；skeleton意为“骨骼，骨架，骨骼标本”；segment意为“部分，段落”。句意：医学专业的学生研究了人体的骨骼。5. 单选题As many of the articles in this issue of The McKinsey Quarterly demonstrate, co
5、mpanies in the developed world are outsourcing（资源外置）ever larger portions of their business to low-cost, highly skilled workers in the developing world. Driving this trend is the remarkable ability of the global workforce to learn on the job.In fact, the relationship between formal education and econ
6、omic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political, and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very
7、 highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The research of the McKi
8、nsey Global Institute (MGI) during the past decade has consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.MGI has found ample evidence in the developing world to support this concl
9、usion. In Brazil, for example, the two leading private retail banks are locally owned and staffed but achieve near-global levels of best-practice productivity. A Honda factory in Brazil performs almost as well as the companys Japanese and US plants. In the same country, the French hypermarket chain
10、Carrefour achieves about 90 percent of the productivity that it achieves at home.What is the real relationship between education and economic development? I have begun to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments dont force it. After all, tha
11、ts how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didnt have time for education. They didnt have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things
12、.As education improved, humanitys productivity potential increased as well. When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition fo
13、r the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesnt constrain the ability of the d
14、eveloping worlds workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isnt developing more quickly there than it is.1.We can conclude from the second paragraph that in poor countries （ ）.2.According t
15、o the last paragraph, the economic growth is needed（ ）.3.According to the text, education got started（ ）.问题1选项A.progress in education is necessary for the political developmentB.the importance of education has been overestimatedC.the poor education results in the low standards of livingD.the traditional view about education is groundless问题2选项A.before education can progressB.before a political system can operateC.in poor countries to escape povertyD.to adapt to the competitive environment问题3选项A.when the
