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1、英语长难句6种梳理方法难点梳理长难句到底难在哪里？ ？（1）中心词加了较多修饰语，后置的定语给理解带来较大困难。（2）简单句加了较多修饰语，尤其是非谓语 动词，含义丰富，形式灵活。（3）含有三大从句的复合句。（4）并列 成分、对等结构的存在。（5）同位语、插入语的运用。（6）特殊句式 的使用：倒装、强调句型和省略。方法展示提主干，去枝叶何为句子主干？即句子的主语和谓语。1 .句子主语主语（subject）是一个句子的主题（theme）,是句子所述说的主体。它的 位置一般在句首。主语一般有名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、 主语从句来充当。（1） A man called you just no
2、w.（名词）（2） Most of us like surfing the Internet.（代词）（3） One in ten were for the plan.（数词）（4） It is kind of you to give meso much help.（不定式）（5） Helping others is helping yourself.（动名词）（6） Whether he will come is uncertain.（主语从句） Its said thathe will not come back again .（主语从句）2 .句子谓语谓语(predicate)或谓语动词
3、(predicate verb)的位置一般在主语之后。谓语有简单谓语和复合谓语两种。简单谓语是由一个行为动词构成的， 比较容易识别。复合谓语包括情态动词+动词原形、连系动词+表语、 动词短语及被动语态 be done.进行时态be doing完成时态has/ have dons 将来时态 will do / be going to do 等。(1 ) You can make a difference if you are confident. ( 2) He was followed by the fans. (3) I was about to go out when my phone r
4、ang.请尝试找出这句话的主干So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice , I was so surprised that I was speechless.【句意】因此，当伊德来参加我们的比赛时，我发现他不仅将衬衫的底部扎进 裤里，而且几乎注意不到他的肚子，我感到很惊奇，以致无话可说。【分析】句子主干为： I was surprised判断是并
5、列句or复合句并列连词连接并列句 常见的并列连词有and, but, yet, or, so, for, not only.but also, while （然而）。从属连词连接复合句 常见的从属连词引导状语从句的有when,after, before, till, until, since, though, although, because等；弓I导 定语从句的有 that, who, whom, which , where, when 等；引导名 词性从句的有 what, that , which, who, whether, when, how 等。 判断下列句子是并列句还是复合句。1
6、 .We should do everything that is useful to the people.2 .The man who/that/whom my mother is talking to is Mr Wang.3 .He not only wants to be a good husband, but also a good son.4 .Shall we go out for a walk, or stay at home and watch TV?5.I didnt know true happiness until I met you.6.I declare that
7、 you are unwelcomed here.7.The truth is you are a liar.8.I heared the news that you are married.参考答案：1 .We should do everythingthat is useful to the people.（定语从句）2 .The manwho/that/whom my mother is talking to is Mr Wang.（定语从 句）3 .He not only wants to be a good husbanttjut also a good son（并歹U句） 4.Sh
8、all we go out for a walk, or stay at home and watch TV?（并列句） 5.I didnt know true happinessuntil I met you.（时间状语从句）6.I declarethat you are unwelcomed here.（宾语从句）7.The truth is that you are a liar.（表语从句）8.I heared the newsthat you are married.（同位语从句）请尝试判断下面句子类型。1 .Whether you get along well with your
9、professors or not has a huge effect on your self growth as it is a measure of how well you can respect authority and obey requirements.【句意】你与教授相处是否融洽，对你的自身发展起着重要的作用，因为这是 衡量你是否尊重权威和服从要求的标准。【分析】此句为复合句，句中whether引导主语从句，as引导原因状语从句， how well引导从句作介词of的宾语。2 .The fact that members of one culture do not expre
10、ss their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.【句意】一种文化背景下的人不像另一种文化背景下的人一样直率地表达他 们的情感，这一事实并不意味着他们没有这些情感。【分析】本句的主干为 The fact does not mean that ., 其中，that they do not experience emotions 是从句作 mean 的宾语。 that members of one culture do not express
11、 their emotions as openly as do members of another 为fact的同位语从句，其中 as do members of another是状语从句， 助动词do位于主语members of another前形成倒装，主语后省略了 express their emotions确定中心名词，识别后置定语后置定语通常以不定式、分词、介词短语、定语从句等形式体现。此外，定语也可能不是一个，可能出现两个或者三个的情况，必要时应 逐一分析。例如：(1) I got a chanceto give a speech at the meeting. (2) The
12、girl wearing sunglassesis LiuXuan. (3) I like the book written by DongQing. (4) The boywith a book in his hand is Jim.(5) The manwho helped you is my boss. (6) The boywith a book in his hand written by DongQing is Jim. (7) The man with a book in his hand who helped you is my boss.请尝试找出下面句子的定语部分Econo
13、mists from the University of Sussex analysed findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a 15-year research project charting the fortunes of a group of thousands of teenagerswho attended high schools in the US in the mid-1990s.【句意】来自萨塞克斯大学的经济学家们分析了国家青少年健康纵向研究的研究结果，这项研究是一个历时15
14、年的课题，它记录了数千名在美国20世纪90年代中期上中学的一组青少年的财产情况。【分析】句子主干为 Economists analysed findings from the University of Sussex 作 economists 的定语；from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 作 findings 的定语；a 15-year research projects the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 的同位语； charting . 作 p
15、roject 的定语； who引导定语从句修饰 teenagers正确理解非谓语动词非谓语动词是句子中的次要动词，保留了动词的部分特征，有时态、语态，但具有自己的特征。尤其是当分词作定语和分词作状语时，学 生非常容易混淆。分词作定语相当于定语从句，分词作状语相当于状语从句或并列句。(1) She is a pupil admired by all her classmates(定语)=She is a pupil who is admired by all her classmates.(2) This is the novel translated into a few languages.
16、(定语) =This is the novel that has translated into a few languages.(3) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good原因语)=Because it was Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.(4) Following the teacher, the students walked into the office.(伴随状 语)=The students followed the teacher, and the students walked into the office.请尝试找出句子
