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1、2022年考博英语-郑州大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Colour blindness is inability to distinguish one or more of the three colours red, green, and blue. (Ability to see colour exists in only a few vertebrates, including, among others, man and the other primates, fish, amphibians, some reptiles, and some birds; and
2、in bees and butterflies.) In the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue that lines the back and sides of the eyeball, there are, in human beings, three types of cones, the visual cells that function in the perception of colour. One type absorbs light best in wavelengths of blue-violet and anoth
3、er in the wavelengths of green. The third type is most sensitive to wavelengths of yellow but is also sensitive to red.Colour-blind persons may be blind to one, two, or all of the colours red. green, and blue. (Blindness to red is called protanopia; to green, deuteranopia; and to blue, tritanopia.)
4、Red-blind persons are ordinarily unable to distinguish between red and green, while blue-blind persons cannot distinguish between blue and yellow. Green-blind persons are unable to see the green part of the spectrum.Colour blindness, which affects about 20 times as many males as females, is a sex-li
5、nked recessive characteristic. A woman must inherit the trait from both parents to be colour-blind. A colour-blind man and a woman of normal colour vision have daughters who have normal colour vision. But are carriers of the trait that is, the daughters may have colour-blind sons and daughters who a
6、re carriers. The sons of a colour-blind man and a woman with normal vision themselves have normal vision and are unable to pass the colour-blind trait on to offspring. The son of a normal man and a carrier woman may be colour-blind, and the daughter of such a union may be a carrier. Thus, colour bli
7、ndness tends to skip generations.1.（ ）person is unable to distinguish blue and yellow.2. The underlined word “skip” in the last sentence of this passage most probably means（ ）.3. According to this passage,（ ）.4. It can be know from this passage that（ ）has normal vision and is unable to pass the colo
8、ur-blindtrait on to offspring.问题1选项A.A colour-blindB.A deuteranopicC.A protanopicD.A tritanopic问题2选项A.omitB.clipC.slipD.emit问题3选项A.inability to distinguish only one colour is usually not regarded as colour blindnessB.only a few vertebrates have the ability to see coloursC.only humans have the remark
9、able ability to see coloursD.all vertebrates cannot see colours问题4选项A.the daughter of a colour-blind man and a colour-blind womanB.the daughter of a normal man and a colour-blind womanC.the son of a normal man and a colour-blind womanD.the son of a colour-blind man and a woman with normal vision【答案】
10、第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“什么色盲的人分不清蓝色和黄色？”文章第二段提到“蓝盲的人不能区分蓝色和黄色”(while blue-blind persons cannot distinguish between blue and yellow)，前面提到to blue, tritanopia，因此选项D符合题意。2.词义题。题目问的是“划线单词skip的意思”。文章第三段提到男性色盲的发病率是女性色盲的20倍，并且提到色盲有隔代遗传的特点，因此skip generation就是“隔代”的意思，因此选项A符合题意。3.细节事实题。题目问的是“通过文章
11、可知”。文章第一段提到只有少数几种脊椎动物具有看颜色的能力(Ability to see colour exists in only a few vertebrates)，由此可知选项B符合题意。4.细节事实题。题目问的是“通过文章可知，下列哪种情况不会遗传给下一代？”文章第三句提到色盲男性和视力正常的女性的儿子视力正常，且不能将色盲形状遗传给后代（The sons of a colour-blind man and a woman with normal vision themselves have normal vision and are unable to pass the colou
12、r-blind trait on to offspring），因此选项D符合题意。2. 单选题Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is acceptable and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the
13、limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creativ
14、e science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant
15、 diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is very different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeares Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior o
16、f indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is Picassos painting Guernica primarily a propositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars
