初中八种时态详解

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1、初中八种时态精讲(一)一般现在时的语法讲解:1) .当谓语动词是be动词时,根据主语的人称和数,分别用 am,is,are.肯定旬:主 +be动词+其它.e.g. I am in Nanyang.否定旬: 主 +be 动词 +not+其它.e.g. He is not a teacher.一般疑问句:-Be动词+主语+其它?e.g. -Is he a teacher?-Yes,主+be. / No,主+be not. -Yes, he is. /No, he isnt.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其它?e.g. Where is he from? What is your name

2、?2) .当谓语动词是实义动词时,分以下两种情况:A.当主语不是单三时(I, you, they, we, A and B,复数):肯定句:主语+实义动词原形+其它.e.g. You like English.否定句:主语+dont+实义动词原形+其它.e.g. You dont like English.一般疑问句:-Do +主语+动原形+其它? e.g. -Do you like English?-Yes,主语+do. /No,主语+dont. -Yes, I do./No, I dont.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do+主语+动原形+其它?e.g. Where do you live? W

3、hat do they want to do?B.当主语是单三时(he, she, it,某一个人,单数):肯定句:主语+实义动词单三形式+其它.e.g. He likes English.否定句:主语 +doesnt+动词原形 + 其它.e.g. He doesnt like English.一般疑问句:-Does +语+动原+其它-Yes,主语+does. /No,主语+doesnt.e.g. -Does he like English?Yes, he does./No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+does+语+动原形+其它?e.g. Where does he live

4、? What does she want to do?(3)常见的时间状语 always, usually, often, sometimes,never,seldom( 频度副词)every week (day, year, month ),once a week, twice , on Sundays(二)一般过去式1、概念:表示过去发生的动作、事件、情况,而现在已结束,也可以表示过去时间里经常性 或习惯性的动作,或主语过去的性格和能力。2、常见的时间状语 yesterday ,yesterday morning/afternoon/evening just now 刚才 in the p

5、ast 过去 the day before yesterday 前天 ago 短语: a moment ago, an hour ago, three weeks ago, two months ago, 等 in+时间点:in 2000 , in 1995, in 1880last短语:last week上周/last year去年/last month上个月/last night昨天晚上一、 记牢下面的表格:谓 语动 词是 be动 词时肯定句:主语 +was/were+其他。如: She was at home last night.You were born on June 7 th.否

6、定句:主语 +wasnt/weren t+其他。如: She wasnt at school today. They werent in Nanyang yesterday.一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+其他?Yes主语+was/were. No,主语 +wasnt/weren t.如:Were you 12 last year? Yes , I was. No , I wasn t.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +was/were+主语+其他 如: Where were you born? I was born in June.谓肯定句:主语+实义动词的过去式+其他(时间、地点等)。语动如

7、:He played games yesterday.词是否定句:主语+实义动词原形+其他如:实义一般疑问句:+主语+其他? 肯定回答:Yes主语+did.动词否定回答:No,主语+didnt.时如:Did you sing a song at the party? Yes, I did./ No, I didn t.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 +主语+其他?如:What did Sally do last night?(三)现在进行式1、概念:表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。2、谓语动词的结构:be i is, am, are) + doing (动词的现在分词) (be动词要与主

8、语的人称和数保持一致)3、常见的时间状语: now, at the moment, at this time, 还有常见的标志词look, listen如: Look! She is singing!Listen! She is listening to the music.4、现在进行时的句式肯定句:主语 +be动词+现在分词+其他My sister is watching TV now.否定句:主语 +be动词+not+现在分词+其他 My sister isn t watching TV now.一般疑问句:Be +主语+doing+其他? Ye主语+be/No ,主语+be+notAr

9、e you watching TV now? Yes, I am. / No, I m not.Is she reading books? Yes, she is. / No, she isn t.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+Ving+其他?常用现在进行时的肯定陈述句回答。What are you doing now? What is he/she doing now?What is KangKang doing now? What are they doing now?What are Wangli and Limei doing now?4、特殊的现在分词有(双写最后一个字母)pl

10、an, get, shop, run, begin, put, swim, stop , sit(口诀:他计划在商店里买了东西后放入游泳池中开始跑,然后停下来坐下。)5动词go , come ,leave, fly等可以使用现在进行时,表示按计划将要进行的动作:I m comin诚将来了。Are you going to Nanyang tomorrow? 明天你将去南阳吗?(四)语法精讲:过去进行时1概念:表示过去某个时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。2 时间状语:(1) at 8 o clock yesterday evening 12 o clock(2)fro

11、m .to .+yesterdOy (等过去式时间状语)He was watching Tv from 7 to 9 last night.(3)at that time 在那时 at this time yesterday , all day 全天(4) yesterday morning/afternoon/evening. The day before yesterday. Last year/month/week/night 这类时间状语既可以用于一般过去式,也可以用于过去进行时,要根据上下文情景判定谓语动词的时 态, He was reading a novels last nigh

12、t(昨晚他一直在读 )He read a novel last night,(昨晚他看了一本小说 )用过去进行时强调动作进行的全过程,用一般过去式单纯说明动作完成的事实3谓语动词的结构:was/were+v.ing(现在分词)4过去进行时句子结构(1)肯定句:主语 +was/were +v.ing+其他。(2)否定句:主语 +was/were+not+其他。(3)一般疑问句: Was/were+ 主语+v.ing+ 其他? Yes主语+was/were No,主语+wasn t/weren t(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序?What were they playing from

13、7 to 8 last night?5过去进行时常用与 when,while引导的时间壮语从句中We were playing when our teacher came in.(五)语法重点一般将来时1、定义:表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态,常与将来的 时间状语连用。2、表示将来的时间状语(1) tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening ( tomorrow 短语 )(2) next time,next work/weekend,next year/month/Sunday (next 短语)(3) in 短语:

14、in two minutes,in an hour 在一小日后,in two days 两天后(4) soon 不久,later,in the future 将来(5) tonight 今晚,this afternoon/evening (还未发生的时间)3、结构形式:(1) be going to+ 动词原型,表示计划、打算将来发生的动作 Eg:We are going to do some cleaning tomorrow.He is going to go swimming next week. 肯定句:主语+be going to+ 动原型+其他一般疑问句:将 be动词提前:Be+主

15、语+going to+动原型+ 其他?Yes, 主语 +be/no.主语 +be+not 否定句:主语 +be+not+going to +动原型+其他Eg:Is Lucy going to go shopping this Sunday?Yes,she is./No,she isn t.Lucy isn t going to go shopping this Sunday (2)will+动词原形,表说话人对将来的看法,假设和推测肯定句:主语 +will+ 动原形 + 其它。Eg:He will go swimming next week.否定句: 主语 +won t+动原形 + 其它。Eg: He won t go swimming next week.疑问句: Will+ 主语 + 动原形 + 其它。Eg: Will he go swimming next week.(3) Shall+ 动原形(主语只能是第一人称I , we)肯定句:I/We+shall+动原形+否定句:I/We+shall not + 动原形+ 其它。 一般疑问句: Shall I/we go shoppi

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